Spring planting almond technique

First, to cultivate excellent seedlings almond rootstock is suitable for this rootstock and peach rootstock; grafting on apricot rootstock shows slow growth, poor healing and poor development, so it is not suitable to be used. The practice shows that almond as rootstock has high survival rate, good healing, high yield and long life, but grows slowly. Using peach as rootstock (mountain peach or hairy peach), the survival rate is high, the growth is fast, but after healing, the diameter of the rootstock ear is inconsistent, and the life span is shorter (about 20 years). The seedling raising method is basically the same as that of ordinary peach in the same year. The sandy soil with fertile soil and good drainage is selected, and the rootstock is sown in autumn or spring after stratification, and the number of seedlings per mu is about 8000. To strengthen the seedling management, the "T" shape bud grafting or xylem bud grafting is adopted in the first and middle of June, and the seedling height can reach more than 80 cm.

Second, reasonable close planting of almond is a kind of fruit tree with strong light preference, which should not be planted too densely. According to the local soil and geographical conditions, generally can choose 3 meters × 4 meters, 4 meters × 4 meters or 3 meters × 5 meters. In arid areas or thin hills, it can be denser, while in fertile plain areas or places with irrigation conditions, sparse planting should be appropriate, and the planting number should be 40-80 plants per mu.

Third, pay attention to the configuration of pollination trees almond is a cross-pollination fruit tree, self-pollination is not true, and some varieties are not compatible with pollination, so it is necessary to configure pollination trees in production. Generally, 4 rows of main varieties are planted in every 3 lines, and 1-2 rows of pollinated varieties are allocated. It can also be mixed with 2-3 main varieties, which are pollinated with each other. Generally, 2-5 varieties should be planted in each new orchard to ensure effective pollination.

4. The planting time of seedlings can be divided into two periods: autumn and spring. Spring planting takes place after the soil is thawed and before the seedling leaf buds germinate, about March-April. Before planting, the planting point should be determined according to the row spacing, and marked with lime. Then take the point as the center, dig the planting hole, the size of the planting hole is 80 cm square or 100 cm square, or dig through the groove according to the line, the depth is 80-100 cm. When digging planting pits, pile the topsoil and subsoil separately. After digging the planting pit, apply 10-20 kg of rotten high-quality organic fertilizer in each hole, mix it well with the topsoil, fill it into the planting hole, fill it and step on it, put it in a certain position, put it into the seedling, then fill the soil, and lift the seedling root, and then firmly, so that the root system is in close contact with the soil. The depth of seedling planting is the same as that in the nursery.