Eight measures for safe use of Rice

1. Reasonable selection of varieties. Rice blast is the main disease affecting harvest, and the difference of resistance among different varieties is very obvious. The selection of varieties with strong resistance is one of the most effective prevention measures. In the old rice blast area and the cold soaking field in the shade, first, the resistance of the varieties should be carefully understood when selecting and purchasing seeds; second, the new varieties can only be planted in a small amount before being popularized; third, imported Fuji No. 1 should be used for prevention in the early stage of the disease and the stage of booting and heading.

Where the humidity is high in the mountain area, it is not suitable for late hybrid rice to choose and purchase two-line hybrid late rice combinations to prevent rice false smut.

2. Adhere to reasonable close planting. Properly increasing the amount of seeds, reasonable close planting and increasing basic seedlings are important measures to save cost and enhance the ability to resist disasters. It should be 5 × 6 inch in early rice, 6 × 6 inch in late rice, 6 × 9 inch in middle rice and single cropping rice. Throwing seedlings should also be in accordance with this requirement to determine the number of floppy disks. The amount of seed used per mu of early hybrid rice should be 2.5 kg. The mid-maturing combination of late hybrid rice is 1.5 kg, and that of late-maturing and single-cropping rice is 1 kg. The use of enough seeds can effectively reduce the damage of weeds and the amount of chemical fertilizer. Especially when the seed purity is not too high, the effect on per unit yield can be greatly reduced.

3. Determine the sowing date scientifically. Early rice should not be sown too early, because the temperature is not stable through 10 ℃, rotten seedlings are easy to occur, and early rice is not precocious. Early rice is generally after March 15, it is more appropriate to soak seeds during the cold wave and sow after the cold wave. Medium rice and first-cropping rice also have a safety problem. That is, the heading period should avoid hot weather. If Liangyoupeijiu is cultivated as a single cropping rice, it is more suitable to sow on May 15-25. Late rice should be sowed timely according to the requirements of variety cultivation techniques to ensure safe panicle filling.

As the breast-breaking of rice seeds requires higher temperature, no matter which seedling raising method is adopted in early rice, it is not suitable to sow dumb millet to prevent the occurrence of low temperature lasting more than 5 days after sowing, resulting in serious seed rot.

4. Strict seed disinfection. The most effective way to prevent evil seedling disease is to strictly disinfect the seeds. Disinfectants are mainly made of 100 grams, strong chloroform and so on. In accordance with the requirements of strict operation, the dose should be sufficient, disinfection time should be sufficient, in order to achieve disinfection effect. Soak seeds with 40% strong chlorine soluble powder, each packet (10 grams) can soak 3 kg of water, 3 kg of seed soaking, 16-24 hours of early rice soaking, 6-8 hours of late rice soaking. The seeds of hybrid rice can be soaked intermittently to ensure the disinfection time.

5. Transplant in time. To determine the transplanting period of water seedlings, we should not only look at the time, especially when the temperature is on the high side, but also look at the leaf age of seedlings and strive for early planting. When the early rice reaches 4 leaves, it should be transplanted in time to prevent early panicle. No matter in which season, the yield of rice with shorter seedling age is higher than that with longer seedling age. The elasticity of seedling age of early-maturing varieties is smaller than that of late-maturing varieties, which should be paid special attention to.

6. Use herbicides with caution. In order to apply herbicides in paddy fields, one is to grasp the time. It can only be carried out 5-7 days after transplanting or throwing, too late application of herbicide, especially in the stage of young panicle development, can lead to spikelet deformity, pollen abortion, and serious reduction of yield because it cannot bear fruit normally; second, glyphosate is a sterilizing herbicide used in dry soil and can not be used in paddy field; third, we should pay attention to the application method and apply it strictly according to the dosage. Generally speaking, the method of mixing poisonous soil and poisonous fertilizer should be adopted to apply evenly, and repeated application is strictly prohibited. Tanaka should keep a certain water layer for more than 3 days. Pesticides without labels and without certainty cannot be used. After rice enters the booting stage (round feet), it can not apply herbicides, but can only remove paspalum manually.

7. Adjust the temperature with water to reduce the impact of disasters. When rice encounters abnormal high and low temperature weather or sudden drop in temperature during its growth, it is necessary to deepen the water layer to protect seedlings and adjust the temperature and humidity of field microclimate, which can effectively reduce the loss of natural disasters.

8. Matters needing attention in purchasing seeds. First, to buy seeds from fixed-point stores with a certain scale and a "business license"; second, to ask for invoices and properly preserve invoices, bags, and internal labels; and third, to complain to the seed management station of the county (city, district) agricultural bureau if they encounter quality problems and fail to negotiate with dealers.