Nutritional exhaustion of cattle and its treatment

Nutritional failure in cattle is usually more frequent in winter and more dangerous in spring. Especially since last winter and this spring, it has been rainy for a long time in Jiangnan area, the grazing time of cattle is less, and the feeding time is too long, which leads to more and more diseases this spring, and the affected animals lose their economic value, which seriously affects farmers 'spring ploughing.

1 Causes

Nutritional failure of cattle is different from acute failure of some organ such as heart failure and renal failure. Its root cause is negative balance between nutrition supply and consumption, resulting in accelerated decomposition and serious consumption of fat, protein and glycogen stored in the body, and finally a series of malnutrition and exhaustion syndromes. There are three main reasons for this:

1.1 Due to natural drought, seasonal grass withering, poor quality of forage grass, failure to catch autumn fat of cattle, especially in winter and spring long rain and snow weather, insufficient grazing time, poor management of winter feeding by some farmers, delayed supplement of feed and decrease of nutrition level, are the main reasons for malnutrition and exhaustion of cattle.

1.2 Malnutrition and chronic wasting diseases such as trypanosomiasis, scorch worm disease, liver fasciola disease, etc., due to loss of treatment or unreasonable treatment, will induce or aggravate nutritional failure.

1.3 Under the condition of malnutrition, excessive tillage during spring ploughing and busy farming, wind and rain, increase the energy consumption of livestock, will lead to the occurrence of exhaustion or death.

2 Pathogenesis

Under the condition of insufficient nutrition supply and excessive physical consumption, the sick animals immediately appear physiological hunger. So the body has to mobilize nutrients stored in the body, such as fat, protein and sugar began to decompose itself. With the development of malnutrition, the digestive function of gastrointestinal tract gradually decreases, some limited nutrients that can be ingested cannot be fully digested and absorbed, and the detoxification function of liver is also reduced, resulting in liver malnutrition. Especially the auto-decomposition of muscle protein causes serious depletion of nitrogen and phosphorus compounds in liver and muscle, and the activity of glucose phosphokinase and adenosine triphosphate enzyme decreases, resulting in a series of clinical reactions of nutritional failure, such as progressive weight loss, hypothermia, gastrointestinal relaxation and congestive heart failure.

3 Clinical symptoms

The most prominent symptom is progressive wasting. Bovine skeleton exposed, hunched back, coarse hair without light, dry limbs, reduced elasticity, atrophy of important skeletal muscles, decreased muscle tone, depression, weakness in exercise, easy fatigue, sometimes low body temperature, cold distal organs, usually able to maintain a certain appetite. With the development of the disease, in early spring, in case of long-term rainy and snowy weather, it is extremely difficult for the affected animals to resist the cold invasion, which will lead to lying down, so that the prominent parts of the body can produce bedsores or damage, extreme exhaustion before death, loss of appetite, decrease of body temperature, gastrointestinal atony, constipation or diarrhea, and even rectal prolapse. The disease usually lasts about a month.

4 Prevention

If autumn fat of farm cattle is well done, winter feeding management is strengthened, moderate work is done, and active treatment is carried out according to the original cause, the occurrence of this disease can be prevented.

For the cases of obvious nutritional failure, we should strengthen the nursing of sick animals and treat them with the combination of Chinese and western medicine in practice, which can achieve better curative effect. The principle of treatment is generally to supplement nutrition and improve energy metabolism. Western medicine with glucose, calcium preparations, symptomatic medication at the same time, if necessary, swab with "adenosine triphosphate" and so on.

Chinese veterinarians believe that nutritional failure belongs to the deficiency of qi, blood and semen of the body, and the constant zang-organs are combined, and the spleen and kidney are the most important, so they should grasp the two zang-organs to divide their severity and supplement them.

Fang 1: Dangshen, Baishu, Poria, Moxibustion licorice, Angelica sinensis, Radix Rehmanniae, Paeonia lactiflora, Rhizoma Chuanxiong, Astragalus membranaceus, Cinnamomum cassia. This prescription is made up of Sijunzi Decoction and Siwu Decoction by adding Astragalus membranaceus and Cinnamomum cassia. Sijunzi Decoction for invigorating spleen and replenishing qi, Siwu Decoction for nourishing blood and activating blood, Heqi and Guigong for replenishing qi and blood, suitable for early and middle stage conditioning treatment of nutritional failure.

Fang II: rehmannia root, yam, cornus pulp, medlar, angelica, Euonymus bark, Cuscuta seed, prepared aconite root, cinnamon. This prescription belongs to the prescription of "source of benefiting fire", which has the functions of warming kidney yang and nourishing essence and blood. For serious loss of essence yang qi, all kinds of functions below the extremely serious, such as temperature drop, lying on the ground can not afford to use it.

The above two prescriptions, aiming at different clinical symptoms of sick animals, have good effects when selectively applied.