Sichuan sesame duck

Sichuan Ma Duck is a small dual-purpose breed. The central producing areas are located in Mianyang, Wenjiang, Leshan County and other places in Sichuan Province, and are widely distributed in rice field producing areas in Sichuan Province. Sichuan sesame duck is the main breed of meat ducks in Sichuan province because of its precocious maturity, strong grazing ability and high chest and legs.

I. appearance features

Sichuan Ma Duck has a small physique, solid and compact physique, compact feathers and long neck and long head. Beak orange yellow, beak beans are mostly black, chest developed, prominent. Shins, webbed orange-red. The feather color of the female duck is more miscellaneous, and most of them are hemp brown. The feathers of the body and buttocks of the brown female ducks are all light brown at the bottom, with oval black spots on them. The black spots gradually increase from the head to the back of the body, and the color deepens. There is more than a white collar at the lower 2max of the neck. The abdomen has white feathers. The darker brown ducks are called hemp ducks, the feathers are muddy yellow, those with smaller spots are called jute ducks, and other variegated feathers account for about 5%. The male duck is narrow and long, with 2 feathers and 4 sexual feathers, curved to the back. Male ducks are of the same feather color and are often divided into two kinds: a green-headed male duck, with emerald green feathers at the top of the head and neck, white feathers on the abdomen and Auburn feathers on the forechest. Another kind of sand-headed male duck, the head and neck of this male duck has black-and-white feathers alternating with black and white, without emerald green luster, with light yellow fine Reed markings on the shoulders and back, reddish brown forechest, white belly down and gray sexual feathers. Under the condition of grazing, the average annual egg production is about 150, the average annual egg production at the age of 500 days is 131, and the average egg weight is 72g to 75g. The eggshell is mostly white and a few are blue.

II. Production performance

The early growth rate of Sichuan sesame duck is faster, the highest point of relative growth appears at about 10-20 days old, the relative growth rate decreases sharply at 80-90 days old, and is less than 1% after 100 days old.

The slaughtering rate of Sichuan ducks aged 90-100 days was 63.21%. According to the Kaijiang County Bureau of Agriculture, the full-bore slaughtering rate of 6-month-old male ducks was 70.56%, the chest and leg muscle weight was 291.7 ±3.18g, accounting for 29.1% of the carcass weight, and the full-bore slaughter rate of female ducks was 70.6%, and the chest and leg muscle weight was 288.4 ±3.14g, accounting for 31.8% of the carcass weight. Sichuan sesame duck can gain 540 grams after two weeks of fattening at the age of 100 days, the weight gain rate is 39.9%, the lean meat rate is 25.2%, the sebum rate is 22.3%, and the water content of chest (sebum mixed sample) is 60.1%, fat 22.4%, protein 16.04%, ash 0.85%.

Under the condition of herding, the annual egg production of Sichuan ducks is about 120-150, and the high-yield ducks can reach more than 200. According to the determination of the Agriculture Bureau of Kaijiang County, Daxian County, the average number of eggs laid at the age of 500 days was 130.9. According to the determination in Yibin area, under the condition of grazing and proper supplementary feeding, the annual egg production was 141.3. Most of the eggshells are white, a few are cyan, the shell thickness is 0.35 mm, the average egg weight is 71.9 grams, and the egg shape index is 1.4.

Sichuan sesame ducks do not have the nature of nesting, and the traditional method of bucket hatching is used to breed. Hatching begins in March and ends at the end of August every year. According to the habit of holding a room, the ducklings hatched before and after the Beginning of Summer are called "spring water ducks", which are mainly raised by farmers sporadically, while the ducklings hatched after the Summer Solstice are called "autumn water ducks", which are mainly raised by shed duck households who are camping and herding. The breeding eggs are collected from March to July every year. The ratio of male to female is 1:10, the fertilization rate is more than 90%, and the hatching rate of fertilized eggs by bucket hatching method is generally more than 85%. It was observed that each female duck mated with the male duck 1.1 times in the whole day, and each male duck mated with the female duck 11.0 times on average. The useful life of male duck is one year, and that of female duck is 2-3 years.