Sweet potato intercropping sesame

Sweet potato is a trailing crop, which is intercropped with sesame seeds with low light and high light, forming a hierarchical crop population, thus improving the utilization rate of light energy, generally increasing the yield of sesame seeds by 30-40 kg per mu without reducing sweet potato yield. This planting method is suitable for all sesame producing areas.

1. Planting mode (1) Sweet potato is cultivated with plastic film mulching. When preparing the soil, the ridge is 10-12 cm high, 60 cm wide on the ridge surface, 80 cm wide at the bottom, and 40 cm apart. Sweet potato seedlings were raised 7-10 days ahead of schedule. When the ground temperature at the depth of 5 cm under the film reached more than 15 ℃ in late April, and there was no major weather change recently, sweet potatoes were planted quickly with a density of 3500-4000 plants. Before and after late May, 2 rows of sesame seeds were sown according to the plant spacing of 15-20 cm, and the sowing amount was 150-200 grams per mu. (2) Sweet potato cultivated in open field, row spacing 72-78 cm, plant spacing 23-26 cm. The sweet potato was transplanted timely and early according to the local climatic conditions, and one row of sesame was planted in the sweet potato row around the end of May. The plant spacing was about 20 cm, and 2 seedlings were left in each hole.

2. The main points of cultivation techniques (1) the varieties of short vine type and early fruiting period should be selected for sweet potato. Liaoshu 40, Shandong Fengshou Bai, 131 and so on should be selected for plastic film mulching. Sesame varieties with great potential for yield increase, early maturity and strong stress resistance, such as Zhongzhi 7, were selected. (2) fertilization should be based on farm manure, supplemented by chemical fertilizer, dominated by base fertilizer and supplemented by topdressing. Therefore, before soil preparation, sweet potato applied 3000-4000 kg of high-quality farm fertilizer, 15 kg of diammonium phosphate and 50-75 kg of plant ash to meet the growth and development needs of sweet potato and sesame. (3) before sowing, sesame seeds should be washed by means of wind selection, and healthy seeds with full and high germination rate should be used as seeds. In addition, attention should be paid to improving sowing quality, consistent sowing depth (generally 1.5-2 cm deep), suppression after sowing and strengthening seedling management, so as to create conditions for strong sesame seedlings to develop early and prevent sesame from forming weak seedlings and tall seedlings due to the influence of sweet potato. The management of sesame in the middle and later period is the same as that of Daejeon. (4) other management of sweet potato can refer to plastic film mulching cultivation or field cultivation management.