Hangzhi No.1 (Sesame)

Sesame is one of the main oil crops in China and a traditional characteristic agricultural product. in recent years, the planting area of sesame is 1300-15 million mu, and the total output is about 1 million tons. Henan, Anhui, Hubei and Jiangxi are the main sesame producing provinces, accounting for more than 60% of the total area of the country. Jiangsu, Hebei, Shaanxi, Shanxi and other provinces also have a certain area and a wide distribution area. There are two inter-provincial concentrated producing areas of sesame: one is in northwest Hubei and southwest Henan, including Suizhou, Yicheng, Zaoyang, Xiangyang, Laohekou and Danjiangkou in Hubei, and more than ten counties and cities in Henan, such as Xinye, Tanghe, Dengzhou and Zhenping; second, in southeastern Henan and northwest Anhui, including Pingyu, Shangcai, Runan, Xincai and Linquan, Taihe, Funan, Woyang, Lixin, Mengcheng, Suixi and other counties and cities in Anhui.

After China's accession to the WTO, it has brought new development opportunities to the sesame industry, and domestic and foreign markets have higher and higher requirements for sesame products. Therefore, it is imperative to develop high-standard sesame products.

"Hangzhi-1" is the achievement of the key project of "Ninth five-year Plan crop Aerospace Technology breeding" of the Ministry of Agriculture. In 1996, the Oil crop Research Institute of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences provided "Yuzhi 4" as the parent seed, carrying the 17th recoverable satellite launched by China, and returned to the ground after staying in space for a long time. The selection has been carried out continuously for many years since 1997, and the genetic stability, yield, quality, resistance and other identification tests show that it is obviously better than the control. It performed prominently in the national sesame regional test from 2001 to 2002, and all the indexes ranked first.

Judging from the experiments, demonstration and popularization in various parts of the country from 2003 to 2004, "Hangzhi No. 1" has excellent comprehensive characters, is highly praised by the majority of operators and farmers, and has a broad prospect of popularization. the advantages of this variety are as follows: it has wide adaptability and can be planted in the Yellow and Huaihe River Basin of the Yangtze River. From the planting situation in the Yangtze River basin, it goes up to Sichuan and Chongqing, to Xiangfan, Danjiangkou, Wuhan in Hubei, as well as the vast Jianghan Plain and Jiujiang in Jiangxi, and down to the northern part of Anhui, including Linquan, Funan, Lixin, and so on. Jiangsu's northern and central Jiangsu have performed well. The Huang-Huai River Basin, including Zhumadian area of Henan Province, Zaoyang area of Henan Province, Hanzhong of Shaanxi Province, Yuncheng of Shanxi Province and other places, this variety shows a wide range of adaptability.

The growth potential is strong, the root system is developed, the stem is stout and resistant to lodging. "Hangzhi No.1" was introduced and planted in Danjiangkou City, Hubei Province for two consecutive years from 2003 to 2004. "Hangzhi No.1" was planted in Xijiadian Town of the city for more than 600mu. At the end of August 2003, "Hangzhi No.1" suffered continuous strong wind and torrential rain, and other varieties lodged seriously. But "Hangzhi No.1" is still firm and upright. During the large-scale planting in Pingyu County, Henan Province in 2004, the county was also hit by a storm in mid-August, with a maximum wind of Grade 7. Local sesame varieties all lodged in varying degrees, while "Hangzhi No.1" basically did not lodge. In the two years of large-scale production in Feixi County, Anhui Province, "Hangzhi No. 1" has a compact plant type, tall and sturdy plants, generally 1.7-1.8 meters, and more than 2.0 meters high, averagely more than 30 centimeters higher than the main local varieties.

Strong resistance to waterlogging, continuous cropping and disease, high resistance to Fusarium wilt and stem point blight. In mid-August 2004, Pingyu County continuous torrential rain, other varieties have varying degrees of disease, "Hangzhi No.1" has no disease phenomenon. In Luoxi village of Zhumadian, field observation on August 18 showed that the incidence of stem points was low, with a sampling data of 3%, which decreased by about 10 percentage points compared with the local main varieties "Yuzhi 4" and "Yuzhi 8".

The position of the initial capsule is low and the capsule is strong. Generally four pairs of true leaves see the capsule, mostly one leaf and three capsules. There is a leaf multi-capsule phenomenon in the middle and upper part, generally 140-160 capsules per plant, up to more than 200.

The grain is big, the seed is white and the quality is excellent. "Hangzhi No. 1" has a large grain, with a 1000-grain weight of 3.2-3.5 grams, which is about 0.5 grams heavier than the average white sesame. The seed is white, the gloss is good, the reticular pattern is light, and the quality is excellent, in which the protein content is 19.27%, the oil content is 57.67%, and the highest year can reach 60%.

High and stable yield. From 2001 to 2002, it ranked first in the national sesame variety regional trial, with an average increase of 11.82% over "Yuzhi 4" (ck1) and 15.2% higher than that of local control (ck2). The average production test of 8 pilot projects in four provinces was 21.12% higher than that of the control "Yuzhi 4", and all the pilot projects increased production. In the two consecutive years of high-yield demonstration planting in Hubei, Anhui and Henan from 2003 to 2004, the average yield of "Hangzhi No. 1" reached 150kg per mu, which was more than 20% and 30% higher than that of the control "Yuzhi 4".

"Hangzhi No.1" is an excellent new sesame variety with wide adaptability, strong stress resistance, good disease resistance, high and stable yield, and quality suitable for export.