Misunderstandings in Cotton production and ways to increase production (5) (Plant Protection)
Over the past decade, with the popularization of transgenic insect-resistant cotton, cotton bollworm is no longer enough to make cotton farmers "talk about insect color change". However, Fusarium wilt and Verticillium wilt have always been a headache for cotton farmers. Aphids and red spiders make waves every year, and the occurrence of cotton bugs and Bemisia Tabaci has become more and more rampant in recent years. coupled with the sudden outbreak of cotton bollworm in a few years, cotton drug control is still an inevitable thing. At the same time, there are two serious problems in the prevention and control of diseases and insect pests, which directly lead to the high cost of drug use and poor control effect of some cotton farmers.
Problem 1: prevention and control is not timely. At present, it is an indisputable fact that the scientific and technological quality of most cotton farmers is on the low side, but the current agricultural technology extension system in rural areas is basically a situation of "broken lines, broken networks, and scattered people." there were one or two technicians in each village a few years ago, but now basically no one cares about "science and technology." At the same time, some experts in scientific and technological newspapers and books have introduced that pest control techniques are too "academic." as a result, many cotton farmers are unable to take timely and effective prevention and control measures according to the law of the occurrence of diseases and insect pests. More often, they began to use large amounts of drugs "at all costs" when they had to treat diseases and insect pests. In this way, not only the control effect is poor, but also a lot of pesticide expenditure is wasted.
Analysis and thinking: first of all, it is suggested that the vast number of cotton farmers should select a variety with strong resistance, and be sure to listen more to the actual planting situation of your fellow villagers when buying seeds. Do not believe "sell seeds well" and blindly "follow the advertisement". In the prevention and treatment of drug use, the price lies in an "early" and a "fine" (early prevention and control, fine spraying). For example, cotton "cave leaves" and "broom cotton" are not caused by the direct damage of cotton bugs, but are formed with the growth and extension of young leaves and cotton plants after early victimization. The key to prevention and treatment should start spraying when "small black spots" are found on the tender leaves or tips of cotton plants (multi-use liquid, careful spray), usually 2-3 times a month.
Problem 2: there are many worries about pesticides. At present, there is a strange phenomenon in the pesticide market, chemical raw materials are becoming more and more expensive, but the price of pesticides in the market is getting cheaper and cheaper, and cotton farmers are using more and more drugs.
Analysis and thinking: according to the author's investigation, a large number of cotton farmers always like to buy pesticides "cheaply", so grass-roots dealers sell them more and more cheaply, and cotton farmers use more and more. After careful calculation, the drug cost of cotton farmers is not reduced but increased, and the prevention and control effect is not satisfactory!
- Prev
The situation of cotton production is not optimistic. Experts suggest management pay attention to four points.
The reporter learned from the working meeting of cotton production and high yield creation in the province on August 26 that the situation of cotton production in our province this year is not optimistic. In view of the current reality of cotton production, experts at the meeting suggested that cotton farmers grasp four measures. This year, cotton production in our province is characterized by a decrease in area, a decrease in per unit yield and a decrease in total yield. According to incomplete statistics, the actual harvest area of cotton in the province is about 11 million mu, more than one million mu less than the previous year, with an estimated cotton yield of 70,75kg and a total yield of 75-800000 tons, a decrease of 10%.
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Limiting factors and Countermeasures of Cotton production (part two)
The phenomenon of premature senescence is mainly manifested as follows: first, after the peak boll setting period of cotton, the leaves lose green and yellowing, the etiolated leaves begin to develop from the farthest away from the main stem from top to bottom, from outside to inside, and the leaves gradually dry up and fall off. Second, in the later stage of cotton growth, the leaves turn red and lose the function of producing nutrients. The earlier the premature senescence of cotton appears, the more serious the yield reduction will be. The causes are as follows: first, the soil is barren and the soil fertility is insufficient. Soil nutrients can not meet the requirements of cotton growth and development; second, insufficient fertilization. Especially when potash fertilizer and nitrogen fertilizer are insufficient, some cotton farmers are afraid that when the amount of nitrogen application is large, they will make
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