Greater Heat's mid-term management techniques for solar terms cotton production

To promote mainly, promote the combination of control, so as to control large seedlings, promote small seedlings, supplement weak seedlings, promote the transformation of weak seedlings, achieve balanced growth of strong seedlings, and set up high-yield shelves as soon as possible.

Scientific fertilizer and water management is early and stable application of bud fertilizer. It is necessary to apply bud fertilizer to weak seedlings early, generally mastering the application of urea 5-7 kg per mu, cake fertilizer and phosphate fertilizer 25-50 kg each. Second, early and heavy application of flower and boll fertilizer. Generally at the end of early July, when there are 1 or 2 big peaches in the lower part of the cotton plant, topdressing is carried out and 15kg urea is applied per mu. The third is to apply top fertilizer. Generally at the end of July and the beginning of August, 2.5 kilograms of urea per mu was applied to the middle and high fertility cotton fields to strive for more bolls and big bolls.

Reasonable pruning management is to remove leaf branches. Remove leaf branches with no use value as early as possible to reduce nutrient consumption. The second is to hit the top. After entering the middle stage of cotton growth, it is necessary to topping and pruning in time because of seedlings, because of the ground. Generally speaking, the peak time of medium fertile land is around July 20, and that of high fertile land can be postponed to the end of July. The third is to hit the edge. Before and after Greater Heat, it is necessary to hit the edge of the shaded cotton field to control the horizontal growth of cotton plants, leaving 3-4 fruit nodes per fruit branch. In addition, the buds and crazy branches that grow from the axils of the main stem and fruit branches should be erased in time.

According to the principle of a small number of times, the cotton plant should be sprayed on the surface of cotton plant with 0.5g / mu and 15kg / mu of water in order to control the growth of cotton plant. In the 7-8 days after cotton topping, it is generally used to spray the top and edge of cotton plant with 3g / mu and 15kg / mu of water, which can simplify the late pruning, increase the early autumn peach, increase the boll weight and prevent greedy green and late ripening.

Clearing irrigation and drainage ditches the rainfall in the Yellow River basin this year may be 20% to 50% higher than that of last year. On the basis of ploughing and soil cultivation during the bud period, the ditches should be dredged as soon as possible to ensure smooth drainage and prevent the occurrence of waterlogging disasters.

Integrated pest control of cotton bollworm should focus on bud protection, top protection and boll protection, that is, the combination of chemical dripping and trapping adults, cotton field control and other crop field control, chemical control and biological control, field management and artificial egg wiping, to achieve the purpose of improving control efficiency and saving cost. At the same time, strengthen the control of aphids, red spiders, bug bugs, Bemisia Tabaci and other pests. At present, there are no effective agents for Fusarium wilt and Verticillium wilt, so we can enhance nutritional resistance by spraying multi-element fertilizer, strengthen cotton field pruning management, improve field ventilation and light transmission conditions, and remove diseased plants to prevent large-scale spread.

Cotton area of the Yangtze River Basin

In view of the serious imbalance in seedling conditions this year, especially the "plum rain" weather, "based on disaster resistance, improving the living environment of cotton plants, and building high-yield cotton racks" is the central task of cotton field management in the next stage.

At present, the harvest of the previous crop in the cotton field has come to an end, and the planting of medium rice has come to an end. It is necessary to mobilize farmers to speed up the ploughing and weeding of the cotton field, loosen the soil and weed, so as to improve the living environment of cotton seedlings and promote the rapid growth of cotton seedlings.

Early application of flower fertilizer to promote construction combined with ploughing and loosening soil to kill stubble, from late June to early July, early application of flower and boll fertilizer. The general consumption per mu of pure nitrogen is 4 kilograms 6.25 kilograms, potassium oxide 10 kilograms 12.5 kilograms. In view of the fact that the price of chemical fertilizer is high this year, we should encourage and guide farmers to accumulate and apply farm manure, and firmly promote soil testing formula fertilization, especially transplanting plastic film cotton and direct seeding plastic film cotton to apply "relay fertilizer" when removing plastic film. to ensure the nutrient demand for the normal growth and development of cotton.

In the first and second kind of cotton fields with good chemical regulation and stable growth (more than 8 leaves), it is necessary to seize the sunny day or rain interval and spray plant growth regulators such as thalidomide, so as to coordinate cotton vegetative growth in reproductive growth. In particular, transplanting plastic film cotton and direct seeding plastic film cotton, which have a growing trend, should appropriately increase the amount of protuberant amine, control prosperity and promote strong, and remove vegetative branches in time. If the cotton field is too sparse, 1 or 2 vegetative branches can be left for transformation, and the top of the vegetative branches can be removed.

When the "Meiyu" period is coming to clean up the "Meiyu" period of heavy rainfall in Sigou, plains and lakeside cotton areas with relatively high groundwater levels such as rivers and lakes, while strengthening flood control facilities and making preparations for flood control and disaster prevention, it is necessary to strengthen the cleaning of the "four ditches" in cotton fields, ensure that open water can be drained and dark water can be filtered, effectively reduce the underground water level in cotton fields, and reduce the losses caused by waterlogging disasters.

To strengthen the prevention and control of diseases and insect pests, agricultural departments at all levels should pay close attention to the occurrence and development of cotton "two wilt" diseases, red spiders, aphids and other diseases and insect pests, do a good job in forecasting and forecasting, and guide farmers to choose corresponding pesticides for timely prevention and control.

Northwest inland cotton area

In order to achieve the coordination of reproductive growth and vegetative growth, multiple budding, rapid budding and early flowering as the main objectives, according to the characteristics of cotton growth and development, strengthen classification guidance and management.