Northeast Asarum (manchurian wildginger)
A species of the genus Asarum of Aristolochaceae (AsarumbeterotropoidesFr.Schmidtvar.mandshuricum (Maxim.) Kitagawa). Perennial herbs. It gets its name because of its fine flavor. Distributed in China, North Korea and the former Soviet Union. China mainly produces Liaoning, Jilin and Heilongjiang provinces.
The plant height is 10-25cm. Rhizome horizontal, dense slender fibrous roots. The stem is short, with 2-3 scales at the base. Stem tip with 2-3 leaf blades, entire, green, long stipitate. Flowers solitary in leaf axils, perianth tube pot-shaped, purple-brown, capsule fleshy, hemispherical.
Wild under the forest with deep humus layer, like moist and cool environment, it is better to cultivate in loose and fertile loam or sandy loam. Most of them are cultivated under the forest, and the cultivation in open field needs proper shade, and the canopy density is about 0.5.
Mainly by seed reproduction. Generally, sowing and raising seedlings are used, sowing in shallow trenches according to row spacing 15cm on the prepared border, covering soil with 2cm, covering grass and watering. When the leaves withered and overwintered buds formed in autumn, 3-5 plants were planted in each hole according to the row spacing of 15 × 10cm. It can also be used for border direct seeding when the seeds are sufficient, sowing 5-10 seeds in each hole according to the row spacing of 15 × 10cm, and can also be propagated separately, and the main diseases and insect pests are Sclerotinia sclerotiorum Sclerotiniasclerotiorum, black caterpillar Luehdorfiapuziloi, small land tiger and so on.
The whole herb contains volatile oil, methyl eugenol (Methyleugenol) and safrole (Safrole). It tastes pungent, warm and poisonous. It has the effect of dispelling wind, dispelling cold, promoting water and enlightening the body.
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Cultivation techniques under Asarum Forest in Northeast China
Northeast Asarum (northern Asarum, Liao Asarum), Aristolochaceae Asarum perennial herbs, dried whole herbs used as medicine. It has the effect of dispelling wind and dispelling cold, dredging orifices and relieving pain, warming lung and resolving phlegm. Most of them are distributed in the eastern mountain areas of the three northeastern provinces. 1. Biological characteristics 1.1 growth and development of Asarum mandshurica is a perennial herb, which usually takes 7 years from sowing to new seed formation, and then blossoms and bears fruit year after year. Asarum flowers and leaves bloom in early spring of the year, and the aboveground plants basically grow in May, no longer grow, and do not pull out new leaves. The spores differentiate in July and form in autumn.
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Operating rules for standardized planting of Northern Asarum gap
First, land selection and land preparation. The natural forest cutting site that meets the second grade standard of GB5618-1995 is selected, which has irrigation water source, and the water quality meets the "farmland Irrigation Water quality Standard GB15084-92". It is far away from the traffic trunk road, surrounded by natural forest and artificial forest, dust-proof forest belt can be set up, and there is no pollution source around. two。 Clean up the debris in the ground, turn it twice with a tractor, the depth is no more than 30cm, and then rake 5 times, leveling and raking fine. The artificial bed is 1.2 meters wide and 25 centimeters high.
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