Control of several common diseases of volvariella volvacea

The temperature of ① mushroom bud formation period is controlled at 25 ℃, and when the temperature drops below 20 ℃ in early autumn, cover the shed with grass curtain to keep warm; during the growth stage of ② strain, the light should be dim to prevent strong light stimulation and form mushroom bud prematurely; the grass should be tightly packed to facilitate the close connection of hyphae; during the growth period of ③ mycelium, rotenin and dichlorvos were sprayed around the culture material of the mushroom bed to kill pests such as Horse land and tide insects. ④ strains must be separated or introduced to the enemy every year and preserved at a suitable temperature; ⑤ regularly sprinkles water on the border around the material block or irrigates the furrow to keep the bed moist, the air relative humidity during mushroom production is kept at 90%, and the use of bed water at the initial stage of bacterial buds is strictly prohibited; after ⑥ hyphae grow full of culture materials, remove the film covering the material surface in time, ventilate and ventilate, but should avoid blowing directly into the mushroom when the wind is off and dry, so as to achieve the combination of heat preservation and ventilation. The culture material of ⑦ should be exposed to the sun for 2 days before cultivation, and the ph should be adjusted to about 8 ph 9 when preparing ingredients. When picking mushrooms, do not pull out hard, do not hurt young mushrooms, clean the mushroom bed after harvest, dig off the mushroom head, and pick off rotten mushrooms.

① this situation can not be remedied, the only feasible way is to buy age-appropriate bacteria, that is, healthy bacteria within 3 days; ② should control the temperature change, the range should not be too large, mushroom formation should not spray water on the mushroom bed; ③ materials should be fermented and sterilized before entering the bed. If there are mites in the bed, 0.1 mi 0.2% dichlorvos can be sprayed before mushroom, and covered with film.

① selects fresh, clean and mildew-free culture materials; before ② cultivation, the culture materials should be exposed to the hot sun for 2 days and soaked in 12% lime water before sowing; the proportion of nitrogen in the ingredients should be controlled when ③ ingredients, and the total amount of wheat bran or green bran should not exceed 15%. ④ should be disinfected with bromogeramine before indoor cultivation and fumigated with formaldehyde for 3 days (40 ml of formaldehyde per cubic meter, 20 grams of potassium permanganate should be added to formaldehyde); ⑤ cultivation materials must be stacked and fermented or steam sterilized, so that the heap temperature can reach 75 ℃, so that miscellaneous bacteria can be killed in 7 days; the water content of ⑥ culture materials should not exceed 95%, and the film should be covered after sowing, and the window should be opened for ventilation to reduce ammonia content. ⑦ should improve ph, ph at growth stage should be 8. 5, and ph during fruiting body growth should not be less than 7.5. Before ⑧ cultivation, the site should be washed and disinfected strictly, washed with lime water of ph9, and sprayed with 1000-fold solution of 50% wettable powder topzine or 25% wettable powder carbendazim 300-500 times solution. ⑨ improved the inoculation method, mixed 3/4 strains and planting materials evenly, then covered the remaining 1/4 strains on the surface of the culture material, and finally pressed properly to control the contamination of fimbriae; ⑩ adjusted the temperature and humidity; (11) if the raw materials were removed by hand immediately, the other was to disinfect locally with 50% lime water. (12) after the first tide mushroom is harvested, spraying 3% lime water on the material to adjust ph can prevent the occurrence of ghost umbrellas; (13) mixing or spraying with 5% alum water can effectively control or reduce the occurrence of ghost umbrellas.