Aerated composting technology of volvariella volvacea culture material

The production cycle of straw mushroom is about 20 days under suitable temperature conditions, and it takes about 10 days from sowing to harvesting the first batch of mushrooms. Its yield is mainly concentrated in the first batch of mushrooms, which can be planted from May to September every year in our province. According to this production characteristic of straw mushroom, the author summarized a new method of stacking materials-aeration stacking method in the work of popularizing straw mushroom cultivation in rural areas, and achieved good results.

straw mushroom can be planted with rice straw and some auxiliary materials or single cottonseed hull. Before piling, straw or cottonseed hulls are exposed to the sun for one day, then soaked in lime water with pH11~12, and drained slightly. When building the pile, a cushion frame is set up on the ground according to the length and width of the predetermined pile shape (the length depends on the amount of culture materials, the width is 1.2 meters, and the height is 1 meter), and the cushion frame is 10~15 centimeters away from the ground. The density of the cushion frame is appropriate to not leak materials. A bamboo stick with a diameter of 5~8 cm and a height of 1.2 m is erected every 50 cm on the mat frame, and then stacked according to a layer of straw and a layer of auxiliary materials. During this period, according to the pH value of the culture medium, the lime water is sprinkled with fodder to adjust the pH value to 9~10 and the water content to 75%~80%.

After the culture material is piled up, the vertical bamboo rods are pulled out and the piled materials are covered with plastic film. The covering method comprises the following steps: tightly covering the periphery of the pile, supporting the film on the top surface of the pile with bamboo wood, so that a gap of about 20 cm exists between the top of the pile and the film, and the shape of a house ridge is formed; the top of the film is provided with an air vent, and the gap between the cushion frame and the ground is not sealed with a film, so as to facilitate ventilation fermentation. When the stacking temperature reaches 60~65℃ and is maintained for 24 hours (about 3~4 days after the stacking is built), the stacking can be carried out. When turning over the pile, restack the material according to the original method, and exchange the material on the surface around the pile with the material in the center of the pile. Adjust the pH value of the culture material to 7.5~8 and the water content to 65%~70% with lime water (it is better to hold the material tightly by hand, and there is water seepage between the fingers without dripping). After turning over the pile, the surface of the pile and the surface of the film are sprayed with 500 times of dichlorvos solution to kill insects. After 36 hours, the materials can be transported into the room for sowing while hot.

Compared with conventional stacking method, the aerated stacking method has the advantages of rapid temperature rise, high stacking temperature, uniform fermentation, less anaerobic fermentation and more effective killing of miscellaneous bacteria such as coprinus. The culture medium prepared by this method has strong flavor and less sour smell, and can generally increase the yield of fresh mushrooms by 10%.