Environmental conditions required for the growth of volvariella volvacea

1. Temperature: volvariella volvacea is a high-temperature type of umbrella bacteria. The temperature required for spore germination is 25-45 ℃, and the suitable temperature is 40 ℃. It can not germinate above 45 ℃ or below 25 ℃. The suitable temperature range for the mycelium growth of volvariella volvacea is 20-40 ℃, and the most suitable temperature for mycelium growth is 35-36 ℃. At this temperature, the mycelium grows fastest. Under the condition of less than 15 ℃ or more than 42 ℃, the mycelium grew slowly, stopped growing at 10 ℃, and died quickly below 5 ℃. The suitable temperature for fruiting body development is 2832 ℃, and the most suitable temperature is 2732 ℃. It is difficult to form fruiting body when the temperature is below 24 ℃. The volvariella volvacea growing at high temperature above 35 ℃ was precocious and easy to open umbrella, and the fruiting body was smaller.

two。 Moisture: grass aunt likes to live in a humid environment and can only produce mushrooms under high temperature and high humidity. When the moisture is insufficient, when only 50%, the mycelium grows slowly and the fruiting body is difficult to form. When the moisture is less than 65%, the surface of the fruiting body is not glossy and has uneven wrinkles. But too much moisture will cause poor ventilation, resulting in rotten mushrooms and dead mushrooms. The suitable water content of straw pile is about 75%. If it is less than 60% or higher than 90%, it is not conducive to the growth and development of straw mushroom. The air relative humidity is 80% in the mycelial growth stage and 85% in the fruiting body development stage.

3. Air: volvariella volvacea is a kind of aerobic fungus, the mycelium growth stage only needs a small amount of ventilation, which can be ventilated for a short time every day, and more oxygen is needed in the fruiting body development stage, especially when the mushroom body develops rapidly, it is more important for the circulation of fresh air. Because the growth of mushroom body needs a lot of oxygen, if there is not enough oxygen and carbon dioxide accumulates too much, the growth of fruiting body will be inhibited. Therefore, the material heap moisture should not be too much, the haystack should not be too big, too thick; in the mushroom farm ventilation, ventilation should not be too fast, too long, so as to avoid excessive evaporation of water.

4. Acidity and alkalinity: volvariella volvacea is suitable for growth in partial alkali environment, the pH value of normal growth of mycelium is 4mur8, but the most suitable is 6.2 Murray 7.5, the mycelium grows exuberantly, the pH value is below 3, when the mycelium is overcast, it has been reported that straw mushroom hyphae can still grow slowly at pH 12:00, so in production practice, it is best to control the pH value of culture materials at around 8, which can effectively prevent the pollution of miscellaneous bacteria. The suitable pH value for the formation of fruiting body of volvariella volvacea was 5.0-7.0.

5. Light: the basidiospore germination and mycelium growth of volvariella volvacea do not need light at all, but scattered light is one of the conditions to promote the formation of fruiting body, and the hyphae do not form fruiting body in the dark. Similarly, the strong direct light has a more serious inhibitory effect on the growth of mushroom, so straw mushroom likes semi-negative scattered light. Suitable scattered light can promote the formation of fruiting body primordium, grow healthily, enhance disease resistance and facilitate the transformation of pigment. When straw mushroom is cultivated in the open field, it can cover the grass quilt, avoid strong direct light and avoid a large amount of evaporation of water in the straw pile.