High-yield cultivation method of volvariella volvacea with raw meal covered with soil

First, select virus-free bacteria

The virus-free strain of volvariella volvacea has obvious production advantages, such as no virus or bacteria, strong resistance, high yield and so on. The strain should be selected according to the direction of the product, such as V23 with large grain type, which is suitable for fresh sale or drying; agricultural V42 with medium and large grain type, which is not only suitable for fresh sale, but also suitable for salinization processing: other small and medium grain type is suitable for can processing, etc.

Second, drug treatment of mushroom shed

Generally speaking, blanket spraying can be carried out on the mushroom shed with traceless solution to completely kill viruses and pathogens, ensure the cleanliness of the production site and create good conditions for production.

III. Treatment of soil-covering materials

The quality of soil covering materials has a direct effect on the cultivation effect of volvariella volvacea. The treatment method is to take the vegetable greenhouse tillage layer soil or vegetable garden soil to dry, break it and set aside. Cow dung 600 kg, chicken manure 600 kg, after crushing, add urea 20 kg, calcium superphosphate 100 kg, gypsum powder 40 kg, biological starter 12 kg. 1500 kg of water, mix well and ferment, turn the heap when the highest temperature reaches 60 ℃, ferment and rot after 20 days, then mix well with the soil, add germicidal drugs such as disease-free solution, spray and mix well, then build a stack and cover the film. Spread it out 2 hours before use and dry it for a while.

IV. Formula and treatment of base materials

1. The recipe. 450 kg of fresh wheat straw, 50 kg of wheat bran and 10 kg of superphosphate. Urea 2 kg, gypsum powder 7.5 kg, lime powder 5 kg, edible fungus three-dimensional nutritional essence (mixed type) 2 bags.

two。 Deal with it. Depending on the number of raw materials, dig a pit with a depth of about 1 meter, length and width of 2m, spread a wide plastic film inside, put the wheat straw into, spread the lime powder layer by layer, spread the top layer with a layer of plastic film, and pile it with soil or straw to make it concave and depressed, and pour all the wheat straw into the water and soak it thoroughly for 24 hours. After dissolving urea in water, the mixture of wheat bran, calcium superphosphate and gypsum powder was sprayed. After soaking, the wheat straw can be removed without draining water, but can be mixed well with the above mixture, then dissolve the three-dimensional nutritional essence of edible fungi in 1.5 kg of water, spray on the above mixed families, spray and mix well.

Fifth, go to bed and spread materials to sow seeds

The cultivation bed base is irrigated and permeated in advance, and before laying the material, sow a layer of bacteria, the sowing amount is about 30% of the total seed consumption, spread the base material according to the thickness of 20 cm, slightly compacted, the surface is sprinkled with the same amount of bacteria, and then covered with a layer of plastic film, but not covered with pressure. It is best to insert a stick about 30 centimeters high on the bed base every 30 centimeters or so to prop up the plastic film to increase the oxygen content in the film. According to the temperature of the shed and the situation of bacteria, five days later, add a layer of base material about 20 cm thick, after a little compaction, sow the rest of the bacteria on the surface of the substrate, and then cover the film. 2 days later, remove the plastic film to cover the soil, the general thickness of the cover is about 2 cm, note that the edge of the bed base should be covered with at least 8 cm of soil, so that it is higher than the operating path.

VI. Management at the stage of bacteria transmission.

Keep the temperature of the shed 28 ℃ 34 min, and the relative humidity inside the shed is about 90%. Keep ventilation in the evening and at night. When the external temperature is too high, spray water to the roof grass grass and irrigate the working path to lower the temperature. Spray germicidal agents such as traceless solution to the walls, entrances, vents and free places every 3 days until the mushroom is finished, be careful not to spray the border surface directly. The buds usually appear after 7 days.

VII. Management at the stage of mushroom production

Reduce the temperature of the shed as much as possible, keep it at 30 ℃, keep the relative humidity in the shed at 90%, not too high, keep ventilation at night, and wait for the fruiting body to grow to a small egg shape and the coating is still firm. It should be harvested in time. Pay attention to the wood harvest to hurt the surrounding young mushrooms, at the same time clean up the mushroom feet, fill the depression and so on. After picking a tide of mushrooms, the border surface can be cleaned and irrigated with 2000 times the three-dimensional nutrients of edible fungi, generally about 3 kilograms per square meter, about 7 days can show buds again.