The cultivation technique of volvariella volvacea takes only 7 to 10 days from planting to cultivation.

I. Determination of cultivation period

Volvariella volvacea likes high temperature and humidity, and it is suitable to plant in summer in northern China. In central and southern Hebei, the temperature in plastic greenhouses can be maintained at 22~31℃ from late May to early September. In this cultivation period, hyphae germinate on the second day after sowing, hyphae eat on the third day, and the first crop of mushrooms can be harvested on the seventh to ninth days. In other areas, the cultivation period can be flexibly controlled according to local climate conditions.

2. Selection and treatment of culture medium

Culture medium is the nutrient medium for growth, and selecting suitable culture medium is the basis of high yield.

1. In addition to rice straw, wheat straw, waste cotton, cottonseed hull, rape, corn, millet straw, wheat bran, mushroom, needle mushroom waste bacteria and other raw materials rich in fiber matrix can be used. Practice proved that cotton waste, cottonseed hull cultivation yield higher.

Cotton seed hulls are rich in nutrition, loose in texture, moist in moisture and good in air permeability. They are ideal culture materials for cultivating straw mushroom. The quality of cottonseed skin directly affects the success or failure of straw mushroom cultivation. Fresh cottonseed skin with more fluff, no mildew, no caking, no rain, preferably fresh cottonseed skin with short storage time after processing should be selected. Before cultivation, it is better to expose it to sunlight for 2~3 days to kill miscellaneous spores and pests, then add lime 5~7 kg per 100 kg, add water and mix well, stack it overnight, and then accumulate fermentation. 100 kilograms of water is about 130 kilograms.

Cottonseed hull fermentation process is: in the sunny place, the ground spread a layer of 10 cm thick wheat straw, the cottonseed hull has been piled up overnight on the wheat straw, if the material is less piled into a circular pile 1 meter high; After a long time of feeding, the cotton seed skin is piled into a strip pile with the height of 1 meter, the width of 1 meter and the length of no limit, then the cotton seed skin pile is slightly compacted, a wooden stick with the diameter of 4 - 5 centimeters is inserted into the vent hole at the top of the pile every 0.5 meters to the bottom of the pile, wheat straw with the thickness of 5 centimeters is covered on the top, plastic film is covered on the top, fly control drugs are sprayed on the periphery and the surface to prevent flies from laying eggs and maggots, the temperature of the pile is raised to 60 DEG C, the temperature is maintained for 24 hours, and then the pile is turned over to ensure uniform fermentation from the top to the bottom, inside and outside, When the temperature of the material rises to 60℃ again for about 24 hours, the fermentation is finished, and the whole fermentation generally takes 3~5 days. The fermented culture material is reddish brown or black brown, with white hair hyphae, a cottonseed peel fermentation fragrance, and no mildew and ammonia odor.

Waste cotton waste cotton is the waste of gin factory, cotton mill, elastic flower factory, it contains a lot of cellulose, good heat preservation and moisture retention performance, but poor air permeability, when using, first put waste cotton into pH 10~12 lime water soak overnight, take out after draining accumulation fermentation, fermentation method with cotton seed skin, water content more than 80%. Then the waste cotton is loosened, and the straw mushroom can be cultivated. In order to ventilate well, it can be mixed with wheat straw and wheat bran or cultivated in layers.

(3) Wheat straw and wheat chaff should be fresh wheat straw that has not been rained in the same year, and the old wheat straw in the next year is easy to grow miscellaneous bacteria and has low yield. Wheat straw texture is relatively hard, waxy, poor water absorption, not easy to soften, should be combined with threshing, rolling flat crushed, so that it becomes soft, easy to absorb water.

Dig a rectangular pit on the ground, flat bottom, auxiliary plastic film in the pit, put broken wheat straw in layers, pour lime water continuously, step on it with feet until it is soaked, soak it for one day and night. The soaked wheat straw is taken out from the pit, and 10 - 15 kg of decomposed chicken manure or pig manure and 0.5 kg of diammonium are added per 100 kg, and piled into piles with height and width of 1 meter and unlimited length. Stack plastic film for back cover, keep warm and moisturize. When the central temperature of the straw pile rises to about 60℃, keep it for 24 hours, and then turn the pile, turn the wheat straw outside into the pile center, so that the fermentation inside and outside the straw pile is uniform, and the fermentation takes about 3~5 days. Fermented wheat straw soft texture, surface dewaxing, hand holding elastic sex, golden yellow, wheat straw fragrance, no odor, a small amount of white hair hyphae. The physical properties of wheat straw were improved. The wheat straw was loose and had good air permeability. Wheat straw fermentation treatment, promote the propagation and growth of high temperature actinomycetes, cellulose decomposition bacteria increased, at the same time by heating to kill some harmful microorganisms that do not tolerate high temperature (such as various molds). If adding enzyme bacteria 4‰~5‰ for fermentation, the effect is better.

2. According to the cultivation practice of Volvariella volvacea in Hebei Province, the following formula is considered to be better;

① Dry straw (or wheat straw) 53%, dry straw powder (or wheat straw) 30%, dry cow dung 15%, lime 1%, gypsum 1%, water appropriate. pH 7.2. 2 hay (or wheat straw) 250 kg, human excrement 200 kg, burning soil 310 kg, calcium superphosphate 1.5 kg, water appropriate, PH value with its nature.③ Cottonseed husk 100 kg, lime 5 kg, water 180 kg.④ Waste cotton 100 kg, hay powder 10 kg, bran 10 kg, cow dung powder 10 kg, water appropriate, pH value 8~8.5. (5) 40% of all kinds of edible fungi waste, 40% of wheat straw, 12% of cottonseed hull, 3% of calcium superphosphate, 5% of lime, 1∶1.7 of water ratio, natural pH value.

3. When preparing the culture material, pile the main materials into small piles, then sprinkle the auxiliary materials from the tip of the pile, mix them repeatedly with a shovel, supplement proper amount of water, and mix them repeatedly to make them evenly mixed.

It should be noted that ① must comply with the formula requirements, take strict inspection. Mildewed, deteriorated, caked by rain should not be used;② stirring should be uniform, it is best to use a mixer or an old thresher to beat two or three times;③ control the water content, 70%~75% is appropriate;④ pH should be appropriate, straw mushroom likes alkaline environment, suitable pH value 8~9, cottonseed peel, waste cotton acid is larger, need to add lime to determine pH generally use precision test paper with pH value 5~14. If conditions permit, an acidity meter can be used for testing.

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