Local techniques for propagation and cultivation of tulips

Producing area and habit

Tulips like loose and fertile sandy soil with high dryness and good drainage, and grow well in leeward and sunny places, but they should be properly shaded in summer. Cold-resistant, moisture-resistant, do not like the sun, winter temperature in-3 ℃-5 ℃ fashion can grow, strong adaptability. The flowering period of tulip can be divided into early, middle and late, early flowering in March and April, middle flowering in April and May, and late flowering in late May. The florescence is short.

Tulip is a spring bulb flower with early flowering and bright colors. It is a beautiful flower embellished with spring scenery. It often uses cluster planting, slice planting or flower bed layout and cut flowers, which can add a beautiful movement to the hundred flowers in spring.

Propagation and cultivation

Tulip is the bulb root planted in autumn, and the separation of bulbs is the main method of propagation. Planting balls in October, the land needs to be ploughed deeply before planting, using rotten barnyard manure and phosphate fertilizer as base fertilizer. When planting, apply plant ash at the bottom of the hole, cover soil slightly and then plant ball, row spacing 25cm trench volleyball, plant spacing 5cm, cover soil 7-8cm after planting ball.

After emergence, bud formation and flowering, topdressing should be carried out, and it is better to rot thin pancake fertilizer and water or compound fertilizer. And water the right amount once. After blooming, it is advisable to cut off the stems of flowers as soon as possible in order to raise balls. The leaves are withered and yellow in June, so the bulbs can be dug up and dried in the field. When the sun is strong, the bulbs need to be covered. After the bulbs are slightly dried, the yellow stems and leaves are cut off, and the bulbs are stored in a cool and ventilated place. After drying, peel the ion balls and store them in a cool and ventilated room.

Indoor potted plants can be heated to make them blossom earlier. In September and October, the plants were planted in the culture soil (6 parts of rotten leaf soil, 3 parts of sand and 1 part of rotten barnyard manure). There were 3 plants in each pot. They were cultured in greenhouse in winter. After flowering, they can be placed on the flower bed or used as potted flowers.

Prevention of bulb rot

Bulb rot often occurs in the cultivation of tulips, the main reasons are: the dug bulbs are not dried, and the soil with bacteria is attached, which is suitable for the propagation and spread of bacteria during storage, which is suitable for the propagation and spread of bacteria, resulting in bulb mildew; the use of soil with bacteria (mostly Fusarium oxysporum) and insufficiently mature fertilizer in cultivation is damaged by bacteria, resulting in bulb rot. The basin soil is clayey soil, coupled with too much watering, resulting in stagnant water in the basin soil, causing the bulb to be waterlogged and rotten; if the bulb is dug too early, the new bulb is not full and easy to rot. In order to prevent the decay of bulbs, corresponding measures should be taken according to the above pathogenic factors.

Pest control

The main diseases and insect pests of tulips are rot, Sclerotinia sclerotiorum, virus disease, thrips, eggplant aphids and root lice.

After the disease of Sclerotinia sclerotiorum, yellow or brown slightly raised round spots appeared on the scales, and sclerotia was produced in the inner recess. The pathogen infects the stem and produces a long oval spot and a sclerotia on the surface.

Prevention and control methods: one is to disinfect the soil before planting; the other is to remove the diseased plants immediately after the disease and spray 500 times of Dysen zinc solution.

Virus disease is one of the main reasons for the degradation of tulip germplasm. There are many kinds of viruses that harm tulips, and there are two common viruses in China: mosaic virus and broken color virus. Mosaic virus causes yellow stripes or fine-grained spots on the damaged leaves, dark spots on the petals, and serious leaf decay, so we should pay attention to timely prevention and control of aphids and weeds. The broken color virus causes yellowish or grayish white stripes or irregular spots on diseased leaves, sometimes forming flowers and leaves, light yellow or white stripes or irregular spots on petals, and broken flowers on red or purple varieties. Its prevention and control method is the same as the general virus disease, but the planting place should be far away from the lily.

Root lice feed on bulbs in the soil and drill into the epidermis to suck sap, causing plant growth weakness or easy to rot or induce diseases. Soak the worm-carrying bulb in thin lime water for 10 minutes, take it out and rinse thoroughly to kill the root lice.