Cultivation techniques of 5 °C Tulip

How much water should be watered?

After planting, the bulbs must be provided with enough water so that they can take root well. If the bulb is planted shallowly, water should be watered several times after planting. In the process of crop growth, excessive water supply should also be avoided. The frequency of watering depends on the following factors: the growth stage of the crop, climatic conditions, ventilation, the characteristics of the varieties cultivated, the type of soil and the depth of planting. In other words, it is difficult to give an exact figure of how much water should be watered.

Summarize the principle of watering according to the experience!

According to practical experience, the soil taken from the lower part of the planted bulb is squeezed hard with your hand. if a drop of water can drip out, it shows that there is enough water in the soil.

Be careful! Always ventilate after watering to prevent Botrytis cinerea infection!

Be careful! Don't keep the crops in a wet state before nightfall!

Soil temperature after planting

When the bulb is planted, the soil temperature around it is very important. In the first two weeks after planting, keep the soil temperature as low as possible, preferably 9-10 C or below, to prevent soft rot. In actual production, this condition is unlikely to be achieved because the outdoor temperature is too high when planting in October or November. If the temperature of the soil in the greenhouse exceeds 16C, it is best to postpone planting for 1-2 weeks. Planting should be started in the coolest part of the greenhouse, and the soil temperature should be measured before and after planting to keep it as low as possible. The methods that can be used are: shading the plants as early as possible, covering the soil with grass curtains (only if the soil temperature is lower than the air temperature), spraying with water (preferably cold water) and thorough ventilation.

Greenhouse temperature

Suitable greenhouse temperature can ensure the quality and growth rate of crops. High-quality plants should be robust and well-proportioned. Too high temperature will increase the risk of blind flowers, too low temperature will cause the flower neck to be too long (the top of the stem) and the flowers too small. Here are our recommended soil and greenhouse temperatures. After planting, the following temperatures should be regarded as the best temperatures for crop growth and should be kept within these temperature ranges as far as possible.

Soil greenhouse

2-3 weeks after the initial stage

9-10 °C 13-14 °C (maximum 16 °C) 15-16 °C (maximum 18 °C)

Be careful

-the above temperature is the 24-hour average temperature.

-the highest temperature refers to the highest temperature when growing in autumn.

During the growth process, the greenhouse temperature decreases by 1 C, and the flowering period will be delayed by 2-3 days.

Relative humidity in greenhouse air

Relative humidity can promote or hinder the growth of crops. Too high relative humidity can cause crop quenching, infection with Botrytis cinerea, light weight, softness and blind flowers. The relative humidity should be between 60 and 80%, and should be checked frequently, preferably near the top of the crop.

In a humid spring, the relative humidity can easily be higher than 80%, so check carefully.

Avoid the trouble caused by high relative humidity

Relative humidity can be reduced by regular ventilation. Horizontal circulating fans can promote crop transpiration and reduce relative humidity.

Inspection of crops

When tulips grow to 5-10 cm high in the greenhouse, tulips that have not germinated (also known as' blind balls') and those infected with Botrytis cinerea should be dug up. Tulip bulbs that do not germinate or germinate slowly may be infected with Fusarium oxysporum. Remove these bulbs as soon as possible, as they release ethylene gas and affect the surrounding bulbs. Seed bulbs infected with Botrytis cinerea may infect other healthy plants through fungal spores, so they should be removed as soon as possible.

Inspection of growth climate

It is absolutely necessary to check the temperature and relative humidity near the top of the crop in the greenhouse. To ensure that the thermometers and hygrometers used for inspection are proofread, they should be carried out once a year.

Postharvest treatment of tulips

The latest news in this field!

Recently, a practical test of the newly developed antistaling agent for tulips was carried out in the Netherlands. The antistaling agent can keep the color of tulip leaves green for a longer time, prolong the vase life and effectively reduce the growth of flower neck. However, for different tulip varieties, the effect is still different, and its suitability needs to be verified.

Harvest a dewy bud

When it comes to harvest, plants store nutrients in their stems for flowering. If the plant is harvested before it is too mature, the nutrients in its stem will not be stored enough, so it will not be possible to bring the desired results to future consumers. By using the method of harvesting with balls, the bud can continue to get nutrition for a period of time, which is an ideal way to harvest on weekends. The plant should be kept dry during harvest in order to prevent the growth of Botrytis cinerea. Because the spores of Botrytis cinerea can only germinate in water, so:

Harvest 1-2 times a day. This can improve product consistency.

Harvest is carried out at an appropriate stage and can be harvested with balls if necessary.

Harvesting takes place when the plant is dry.

Delay in harvest

This method can be carried out at any stage of crop growth, but up to 7-10 days.

Quickly reduce the temperature of the product to 1-2 °C

After harvest, plants are separated from the supply of water, nutrients and hormones, and ethylene, bacteria, fungi, and other pollutants are more likely to cause problems at the knife edge.

Appropriate temperature and humidity can effectively prevent or reduce the occurrence of many problems. Therefore, it is very important to reduce the product temperature to 1-2 °C as soon as possible. When the temperature of the harvested tulips reaches this range, they can be taken out and tied up. Under these conditions, the respiration of the plant is limited, so that the few nutrients preserved can also be provided to the plant. At the same time, it also limits the transpiration of plants, so that plants do not become soft, and the transport of nutrients is not hindered. Maintaining high relative humidity in the cold storage can also prevent the plant from drying up. But it should be noted that there should be a small amount of air flow to prevent the formation of free water on the plant. In free water, the spores of Botrytis cinerea may begin to grow, causing disease spots of Botrytis cinerea.

When storing, it is best to stack the tulips vertically to prevent the stem from growing and bending. Therefore:

After cooling and harvest, reduce the product temperature to 1-2 °C as soon as possible.

Place it vertically in the storeroom and do not stack it too much.

Provide a small amount of air flow.

Wait for the temperature of the product to drop, and then proceed to the next step.

Graded according to quality and length

Grading strictly according to the requirements of quality and length can add added value to the grower-wholesaler-consumer chain. When binding, the top of the bud should be on the same horizontal line, the rubber band should not be tied too high, the packaging can not cause damage to the leaves. Therefore:

Graded according to the quality and length of the flowers.

Control that the difference in length between the branches of each bouquet of flowers should not exceed 3-5 cm.

Keep the top of the bud on the same level.

Prevent damage to the leaves.

The harvest will always cause some loss of moisture. In order to enable the plant to enter the sales chain in a good state, the flowers can be pruned and placed in cold water (1-2 °C) for 30-60 minutes. Obviously, not only the water for putting flowers must be clean, but also the vase or vase must be clean (free of bacteria and sediment). A sharp knife should be used when trimming so that the vascular bundles used to transport water will not be damaged. Therefore:

Use a sharp knife after trimming and binding.

The container where the tulips are placed should be clean and placed in cold water for 30-60 minutes.

Maintain at 1-2 °C until shipment

After being processed and placed in cold water, tulips are still separated from water, nutrients and hormone supplies. Appropriate temperature and humidity can prevent or reduce some problems at this stage, so:

Store tulips vertically in 1-2 °C environment.

Provide a small amount of air flow in the storeroom to prevent the occurrence of gray mold on the product.

Storage should not exceed 1-2 days.

It is clear that even under the best conditions, the longer the tulips are stored, the more harmful they are caused by dryness, lack of nutrition, ethylene and germs. Therefore, the shorter the storage time, the better. If you want to spend the weekend, you should bring the ball so that the material in the seed ball can continue to be transported to the plant. Therefore:

On weekends with the ball, store tulips with the ball.

Do not store for more than 1-2 days.

Maintain the temperature at 1-2 °C during shipment.

Inform others

Finally, we hope you can tell your customers the right way to take care of tulips. Therefore:

Tell your customers what they need to do and remember in the post-harvest processing section.

They are:

After the flower arrives at @ # @ 204 °C, the flowers should be trimmed and placed in 1-5 °C water for several hours.

-do not place any fruit or products or machines that may produce ethylene near tulips.