Cultivation and Management of 5 ℃ Tulip Ball

5 ℃ tulip balls take enough time to complete

Each stage of development, and the length of treatment time required for each variety is also different, so each variety has the earliest and latest planting time, during which growers can choose the most appropriate planting time according to the actual situation and their own expectations of the market.

Preparation before planting

It should be planted as soon as the seed ball is received. If the soil temperature is higher than 16 ℃, it can be stored for up to 1-2 weeks. The seed bulb is stored in a cold storage with a temperature of 2 ℃ ~ 5 ℃, a relative humidity of 70% and a certain air flow (the air flow rate of the 0.1m3 seed ball is 0.5m3 per hour). If the ventilation condition is not good, a little humidity can lead to the spread of Penicillium.

The planting land should be cultivated in standard tulip plastic box or lily plastic box as far as possible. If there is no box planting condition, tulip cultivation must be carried out in high border, so as to reduce the possibility of soil bacteria infecting the root system of tulip.

In order to facilitate the rooting of tulip and ensure that the plant has a good root system, the pH value of the cultivation medium should be 67.The EC value should be lower than 1.5mS/cm, and it is loose and aseptic with good drainage performance. The addition of peat can reduce the excessive pH value of the soil and increase the looseness of the soil. The soil with high EC value must be irrigated and washed salt 2 months in advance.

Prepare the planting base in advance 7 days before planting, the medium used for planting tulips should be watered once. After watering, cover the whole greenhouse with 2 layers of sunshade net (south) or grass curtain (north), while keeping the greenhouse ventilated and lowering the temperature in the greenhouse.

Cultivation and management

Bulb disinfection if the soil temperature is higher than 14 ℃ when planting tulips, it is recommended to disinfect the bulbs. Before disinfection, the brown epidermis around the bulb disk should be peeled off. The specific disinfection method is to soak the seed ball in 0.2% carbendazim + 0.1% carbendazim solution for 15 minutes.

After the outer epidermis of the bulb was removed, the bulb was planted in the soil with 30~40cm loose soil on the surface. When planting, make sure the bulb was covered with 1~2cm soil. Generally, 200 seed balls can be planted per square meter. Water once after planting.

Rooting period the rooting period is about 3 weeks after planting tulips. During the rooting period, the soil temperature at the bulb disk of tulip is 9 ℃ ~ 12 ℃, which can be reduced by re-shading and pouring cold water, and the drastic change of temperature can be avoided as much as possible. During the rooting period, tulips do not need light. Two layers of sunshade nets or grass curtains can be used to cover the greenhouse and ensure the ventilation of the greenhouse. During the rooting period, unless the medium is very dry and rehydrated locally, it will not be watered again.

After heating and rooting period, the plant begins to see light, and shading objects such as shading net need to be removed, while the temperature of the greenhouse is kept at 15 ℃ ~ 17 ℃ until flowering. At this time, many places are entering the cold winter, in order to ensure that the temperature is reached, it needs to be heated, especially at night. Do not use the way of stuffy shed to keep warm, so the humidity in the greenhouse is too high, it is easy to lead to a series of physiological diseases and gray mold. When heating, avoid letting exhaust gas and smoke into the greenhouse, otherwise it may cause all the tulips in the greenhouse to die.

Water management bulbs are properly watered after planting to provide enough water for plant growth. Pay attention to ventilation after watering, do not let the plant spend the night in a wet state, in order to avoid infection with Botrytis cinerea.

The relative humidity is controlled between 60% and 80%, and is tested frequently, preferably with a hygrometer at the top of the plant. Too low relative humidity will delay plant development, while too high relative humidity will increase the incidence of lodging, Botrytis cinerea, plant bending and blind flowers. High relative humidity can be reduced by ventilation and, if conditions permit, can be carried out at the same time as mild heating.

Fertilization usually tulips do not need fertilizer, if necessary, you can consider applying some nitrogen fertilizer. After the bulbs took root, 2kg calcium nitrate was applied three times per 100m2, each time at an interval of one week. The calcium ion in calcium nitrate can also prevent tulip quenching.

When tulips grow to 5~10cm high in the greenhouse, their growth should be checked frequently and bulbs infected with Botrytis cinerea and Fusarium should be treated as early as possible. Dig out all the bulbs that do not sprout or grow slowly, because they may be infected with Botrytis cinerea and Fusarium oxysporum. Ethylene gas released by seed bulbs infected with Fusarium oxysporum can damage healthy plants around them.

The following problems may occur in the planting process:

The main results are as follows: (1) during the rooting period, although a two-layer sunshade net is used to cover the whole greenhouse, the temperature of the air and medium in the greenhouse may still be too high, even more than 20 ℃ (especially in the south), resulting in poor rooting, severe blind flowers or plant dwarfism in the later stage.

(2) after the rooting period, many greenhouses do not have heating conditions, and the air temperature in the greenhouse will be lower than 15 ℃, or even less than 10 ℃ at night. In this environment for a long time, plants can not blossom on time and the flowering period will be delayed.

(3) under all the above planting conditions, only about 85% of the finished product rate can be guaranteed, and it is very normal for the rest of the bulbs to have various problems. According to international standards, when the growth conditions of tulips are met, the flowering rate of tulip bulbs should be 85%.

Harvest and Storage of cut Flowers

The bud can be harvested after transparent color, and the bud has not yet been unfolded, which is beneficial to storage and transportation. Usually the whole plant is harvested with the ball. After harvesting, the cut flowers were immediately bundled up and placed upright in 2 ℃ ~ 5 ℃ of clean water for 30 minutes and 60 minutes. Before shipping, put the packaged cut flowers vertically in the storeroom to prevent the flower stem from growing and bending; ensure the corresponding humidity to prevent the plant from drying up; take certain ventilation measures to ensure the plant dry and avoid Botrytis cinerea infection. Storage time should not exceed 1-2 days, storage time is long, cut flowers are more likely to be damaged by ethylene and Botrytis cinerea due to dryness and lack of nutrition. If it is necessary to store for a long time, it should be stored with a ball.