Potted tulips

Tulip alias lotus, grass musk, for Liliaceae, tulips belong to bulbous flowers. Underground conical leathery bulbs, 3 cm to 4 cm long, 2 cm to 3 cm in diameter, bulb bark brown, white fleshy fibrous roots on the stem disk at the bottom of the bulb. The leaves are divided into two types, 2 to 3 basal leaves, arising from the center of the bulb, broadly lanceolate or ovate-lanceolate, green with white powder, and 1 to 2 cauline leaves, smaller than basal leaves and lanceolate. The flower is solitary at the top of the stem, growing upright in cup shape, with 6 perianth, clasping growth, opening during the day, closing at night and rainy days, 6 stamens and 1 pistil. The fruit is a capsule with flattened seeds and flowering in early spring.

There are many types of tulips. According to incomplete statistics, there are more than 8000 tulips at present. There are white, yellow, red, pink, crimson, rose red, lotus root and so on, as well as multi-color stripes and back-belly two-color varieties. There are both single and double varieties. Flowers are spherical, egg-shaped, bowl-shaped, cup-shaped, lily and so on. Plants can be divided into tall, medium and short. The florescence can be divided into early, middle and late.

Tulips are native to the Mediterranean coast, Central Asia, Turkey and other places, and are now cultivated all over the world, especially in the Netherlands. In recent years, some big cities in China have introduced more excellent varieties from the Netherlands, which are used in garden layout and pot ornamental.

Tulip is a typical Mediterranean climate autumn bulb flower, cold-resistant and heat-resistant, mild climate, fresh and moist air and sufficient light. The suitable temperature for growth was 15 ℃ to 18 ℃. The summer in Beijing often heats up rapidly, the monsoon is dry, and the plants quickly turn to dormancy, so it is difficult to overcome the phenomenon of bulb degradation. Pot culture requires sandy soil rich in humus, loose and fertile, and good drainage, and the pH value should be between 6.0 and 6.5.

Tulips usually propagate in separate balls. The seed ball blossoms in the same year and produces one to three new seed balls with several small balls under it. Then the old bulb dried up and disappeared, and the life span of the bulb was 1 year. The new and old seed balls are replaced once a year, the new ones can blossom in the coming year, and the small balls need to be cultivated for several years to grow up and blossom.

Potted tulips were planted in early October. Should choose a full, fat and smooth seed ball, the upper inner diameter of 20 cm flowerpot, each pot can plant 5 to 7 balls. First put half a pot of soil in the pot to level it, and plant the seed ball into the soil. Pay attention to the fact that the bud mouth of the seed ball is inclined to the flat side, and then pour enough water, wait for the basin soil to stabilize the seed ball again, and then put the pot in the sunny bed (cold bed) or the courtyard leeward to the sun. Cover with 20 cm thick loose moist soil, do not need compaction, always keep the cover moist, not too dry and too wet. After 60 to 80 days of low temperature, the root system grew fully, and the bud core began to germinate (in the early and middle of December), then the basin was taken out, the cover soil was cleaned, and then the surface basin soil was loosened, and the fertilized culture soil was filled to the mouth. Fattening culture soil means adding 30% fully mature barnyard manure and a little sesame sauce residue to the ordinary culture soil. Move the pot into the indoor diffuse light and keep it at room temperature for 5 ℃ to lO ℃, not too high, otherwise the budding leaves will be thin and small. When the leaf surface gradually unfolds, it should be properly watered and sprayed to keep the basin soil and the environment moist. The buds were moved to the sun, the room temperature was increased to 15 ℃ to 18 ℃, and 0.2% potassium dihydrogen phosphate solution was applied once to 3 times. It can blossom at New Year's Day. If you need to blossom during the Spring Festival, you can delay the entry time appropriately. When the flowers are in bloom, they should be cut off immediately to facilitate the development of new underground bulbs. It is advisable to create a fresh and moist environment after flowering so as to prolong the growth period of the plant and be beneficial to the growth and enrichment of the new bulb. With the rising temperature in summer, the leaves of the plant gradually withered, it is best to make it dry naturally, not to be cut off in such a hurry, so that the nutrients of the leaves can be transferred to the underground new bulb for storage, which is conducive to flowering in the coming year. When the bulb goes into dormancy, it can be poured out of the basin and properly stored, and a strong bulb can be selected for planting in autumn.