Common diseases and insect pests infecting tulips and their control measures
Tulips are native to the Mediterranean coast and central Asia, with Chinese names such as grass musk, red and blue flowers, peony lilies, lotus flowers, daffodils and so on. Plant height 30-50 cm; bulb oblate-conical, with brown skin; leaves 3-5; flowers solitary stem apex, large, erect, cup-shaped, base often black-purple; capsule, seeds flattened; natural florescence March-May, fruit maturity April-June. Tulip is a famous bulb flower, and its colorful patterns and colors are favored by the majority of visitors. However, in the process of growth, tulips often encounter the infection of pests and adverse environment, resulting in a series of pathological changes in physiology and external morphology, resulting in the decline of the quality and yield of tulips. In the process of tulip cultivation, there are mainly white silk disease, brown spot, black rot, penicillium, bulb rot, soft rot, virus disease, mite, stem nematode, potato aphid and so on. The daily management should be strengthened and the corresponding control should be carried out.
I. types of common diseases and insect pests
1. Tulip blight (Botrytistulipae)
Tulip blight belongs to the genus Botrytis cinerea, which mainly harms leaves, flowers and bulbs.
two。 Tulip base rot (Fusariumaxysporumvar.tulipase)
Tulip base rot belongs to the genus Fusarium oxysporum, which mainly harms the seed bulb.
3. Tulip rot Sclerotinia sclerotiorum Sclerotiumrolfsii
Tulip rot Sclerotinia sclerotiorum belongs to semi-known Sclerotinia sclerotiorum, which harms seedlings and bulbs.
4. Penicillium tulip (Peniciliumsp)
Tulip penicilliosis belongs to penicilliosis, which is mainly harmful to bulbs and saprophytic.
5. Tulip virus disease
Virus is a kind of parasite with harmful symptoms such as yellowing of flowers and leaves, curling leaves, deformity, dwarf, necrosis and so on.
6. Root mite (Rhizoglyphusechinopus)
The mite is milky white and is mainly harmful during storage.
II. Comprehensive prevention and control measures
1. Soil selection and treatment
Tulips like to be rich in humus, well-drained sand or sandy loam, so planting tulips should choose places with high terrain, smooth drainage, deep soil layer and leeward direction. The plots planted in the first year are 20 centimeters deep and the target is flat. When the temperature is stable below 14 ℃ (more than 3 days in a row), choose sunny weather, irrigate with 40% formalin 100x solution (depth up to more than 10cm), then cover the soil with plastic film for disinfection. Tulip continuous cropping is easy to cause species degradation, but also increase the accumulation of diseases and insect pests in the soil, increase the probability of occurrence of diseases and insect pests, generally need 2-3 years of rotation.
two。 Seed ball disinfection choose pest-free, robust, full seed ball, remove the hard shell of the seed ball or root, be careful not to hurt the root disc. Burn the moldy seed ball and the removed hard shell to avoid cross-infection of the virus. The bulbs were disinfected with 1000-fold solution of topiramate and 1000-fold solution of acaroid. Soak the seed ball completely in disinfectant, soak for 15-20 minutes, dry in the shade, and sow.
3. Strengthen cultivation management
(1) planting density (see full text for details)
(2) watering
(3) temperature
(4) Lighting
(5) fertilization
(6) Disease and pest control
(7) florescence management
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Let the tulips blossom again
Tulips bloom from March to May every year. If you want to make it blossom again next year, you can maintain it in the following ways. After the flowers wither, cut off the pedicels and plant the leafy bulbs together in the pot (those with a small courtyard can also be planted on the ground). When planting, you should first add base fertilizer, preferably bean cake crumbs and bone powder, to promote the growth of split bulbs, and then apply thin fertilizer 2 to 3 times, usually need to be watered to prevent drying. When the tulips enter the semi-dormant period in early summer, the bulbs must be dug out of the basin and dried and stored. Stay until September to
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Key points of promoting cultivation techniques of cut Flower Tulip
Tulip belongs to Liliaceae, Tulip belongs to perennial bulb herb, which is favored by people because of its peculiar flowers, large and colorful flowers, symbolizing "sanctity and happiness". 1. Choose a good variety. Cut flower tulip bulbs are generally imported from the Netherlands. First of all, try to choose as few late varieties as possible, generally choose middle students and tall varieties, and the color collocation should be comprehensive to meet the needs of different levels of consumers. Red varieties include Apollo, parade, Miss Holland, French Light, Lifeiber recall; yellow varieties have gold Apollo and gold parade; white varieties have love.
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