Environmental Management of Apricot cultivation in protected area

The main results are as follows: 1. for the control of temperature and humidity, three thermometers are hung on the east and west sides of the shed and in the middle of the shed, which are about 1.5m above the ground. The general thermometers and the highest and lowest thermometers can be placed respectively. The temperature is recorded at 8 o'clock, 12:00, 14:00 and 20:00 every day during the budding period, and observed every 1-2 hours during flowering. The air humidity in the shed can be measured by a dry-wet bulb hygrometer. The suitable temperature and humidity for each phenological period are as follows:

The regulation of temperature is mainly realized by opening and closing vents. In the pre-flowering and flowering period, if the temperature does not meet the requirements, temporary heating measures can be adopted. The relative humidity of air is controlled by ventilation, covering plastic film, changing temperature and controlling irrigation.

2. Buguang apricot is a light-loving tree species, within the range of temperature, it is necessary to increase the light in the greenhouse as much as possible. It is necessary to uncover the grass curtain early and put it late to increase the lighting time. Choose the film with no drop and good light transmittance, and clean the dust in time. In addition, you can also use the following methods to fill the light.

(1) use incandescent lamp to increase light at the top of the shed ridge, hang an incandescent lamp of more than 60 watts every 4 meters or so, and the height is about 2 meters from the ground. Turn on the light immediately after closing the straw curtain in the evening and turn off the light at 22: 24. It is also necessary to replenish lighting on cloudy days. The effect of using iodine tungsten lamp is better.

(2) hang a reflective curtain and hang a 2-meter wide polyester aluminized film on the north wall of the solar greenhouse as a reflective curtain to reflect the sunlight incident on the rear wall to the front, which can obviously improve the lighting conditions in the greenhouse.

(3) laying reflective film on the ground 1 month before fruit ripening, laying polyester aluminum film under the crown to reflect the light shining on the ground to the lower part of the crown and the inner chamber, which can improve the photosynthetic ability of leaves and promote fruit coloring.

3. Carbon dioxide concentration regulation in order to make the carbon dioxide concentration in the greenhouse reach or higher than the natural state, which is conducive to the normal photosynthesis of apricot trees, it is necessary to regulate the carbon dioxide concentration in the greenhouse. There are three main methods:

The main results are as follows: (1) ventilation is usually carried out at about 9: 00 a. M. on a clear day in winter (from November to February of the following year). The cloudy day is delayed by 1 hour, and spring can be brought forward appropriately. This method is the main way to adjust the concentration of carbon dioxide.

(2) using the carbon dioxide generator to release carbon dioxide by the chemical reaction of dilute sulfuric acid and ammonium bicarbonate, a large plastic container is put as the carbon dioxide generator in the shed. Ammonium bicarbonate is put in first, and then dilute sulfuric acid is put in several times. The bubble produced during the reaction is carbon dioxide. When diluting sulfuric acid, you must slowly pour 1 part of concentrated sulfuric acid into 3 parts of water, and mix well with plastic or glass rods while pouring. Do not pour water into concentrated sulfuric acid to prevent acid splashing. The concentration of carbon dioxide in the greenhouse needs 1000-1300 ml / m3 in sunny days and 1000 ml / m3 in cloudy days. This method is not suitable for low temperature and cloudy days.

(3) the concentration of solid carbon dioxide can be increased by applying solid carbon dioxide fertilizer in advance. 40 kg of solid carbon dioxide can be applied per mu of greenhouse, the period of validity is 90 days, and the period of high efficiency is 40-60 days. Generally used 5 days before flowering, the method is as follows: first open a strip ditch with a depth of 2 cm, and then evenly apply solid carbon dioxide to cover the soil, but can not be solid. Solid carbon dioxide can also be buried underground when covered with plastic film.