Cultivation techniques of Autumn Potato

The growth condition of autumn potato is opposite to that of spring potato, with high temperature and showers in the early stage, low temperature frost in the later stage, and the growth period is shorter than that of spring potato. Seed potato is a kind of potato harvested in spring, which is planted in August and September, and the corm is still dormant for 50 days from harvest to sowing. If there is no seed potato treatment, the seedling will emerge late and uneven, and a large number of potato pieces will rot, resulting in the failure of autumn planting. Therefore, it is necessary to select excellent varieties with short early dormancy period, seed potato treatment, release dormancy, timely late sowing and prevent rotten seeds in order to be successful.

1. Seed potato treatment

The seed potato of spring sowing and autumn harvest is used as seed. Before sowing, the dormancy of potato pieces must be released and budding treatment must be carried out in order to emerge seedlings in time. The methods of budding are as follows:

(l) slicing autumn potatoes to promote sprouting should master the word "cool", avoid rotten seeds, ensure the whole and strong seedlings, 10 days before sowing, choose seed potatoes of moderate size without disease or injury (single potato weighs 70ml 80g), use a sharp knife to cut vertically along the apical bud into 4 pieces (20m / 500g into 25 pieces), each piece retains buds 1 / 2, seed potatoes more than 90g are cut into pieces according to the bud eye, the cut should be flat. Seed potato is too small (20ml 30g) but can be directly used for sowing without cutting into pieces. If it is found that the vascular bundle is brown when cutting potatoes, it is a diseased potato (ring rot). It should be removed and the cutter should be disinfected to prevent the spread of germs. Then put the cut pieces into cold water and wash away the starch paste to facilitate the healing of the incision and prevent rotten pieces. Then soak it in 0.5-1ppm 's gibberellin solution for 30 minutes, remove it, cut the potato pieces up and spread them out for three or four hours to dry, wait for the section to crust (cork) and then go to bed to sprout.

(2) the sprouting and budding bed should choose a ventilated room without direct sunlight or an outdoor Arbor under the shade of trees, and the ground is covered with clean wet sand (squeezed into a ball by hand, hand loose can be dispersed for degrees), about 9 cm thick and 1 meter wide. When sprouting, put the potato bud eyes upward, closely arranged into a layer without overlap, the top cover wet sand thickness of about 7cm, such as potato pieces, you can press a layer of sand, stack two or three layers, and finally pat the bed surface, covered with straw slices or plastic film moisturizing, keep the bed temperature at 25 ℃ 28, humidity to the topsoil is better, if the bed sand is too dry, you can use kettle wine a small amount of cold water to moisturize, after 4qu 6 days can sprout. When the bud is 1 cm long, it can be sown. In case of bad weather, it can be exercised under scattered light for 3 days to make the bud green and strong before sowing.