Planting potatoes in autumn is a good choice in disaster areas.

Since July, there has been continuous heavy rain in some areas of our city, and heavy rainstorms have occurred in some areas, resulting in stagnant water in some farmland and no harvest of crops. Autumn potato has the advantages of short growing period, high yield and good benefit. It is a good crop for self-rescue after disaster. The main cultivation techniques are introduced as follows:

I. selection of improved varieties

Early-maturing and virus-free varieties with short dormancy period, early tuber setting, rapid expansion, high quality, high yield and high commodity rate were selected for autumn potato, such as virus-free Yudou No. 1, Yutou No. 2 and so on.

Second, select potatoes to promote sprouting

The seed potato used for autumn sowing is the spring potato newly harvested in the seed field. The seed potato should choose small potato pieces with disease-free, injury-free, bright skin and about 50g. The whole potato was sown and germinated in a cool and ventilated place about 25 days before sowing. The bed was 100cm wide and 120cm wide and the sand soil was 5 cm thick, depending on the amount of potato and the place where it was germinated. Soak the seed potatoes in clean well water, then spread them out on a wet sand bed, spread the potato pieces about 20 centimeters thick, and then cover them with 5-6 centimeters of wet sand. Spray water every two days to keep the sand moist and sow when the potato sprouts grow to 2 to 3 centimeters.

Third, the potato with sufficient base fertilizer is a fertilizer-loving crop with a short growth period. In order to obtain high yield, it is necessary to apply sufficient base fertilizer, which is based on farm manure and supplemented with some chemical fertilizer. Combined with soil preparation, high-quality rotten farm manure 5000kg, ammonium bicarbonate, calcium superphosphate 50kg, potassium sulfate 30kg were applied per mu.

IV. Sowing at the right time

The suitable sowing time of autumn potato is about August 20, the sowing is too early, the weather is hot and rainy, the rotten potato lacks seedlings, and the sowing is too late, the growth period is short and the yield is low. Sowing is best carried out in cloudy days, and before 10:00 in the morning and after 3pm in sunny days. Before sowing, the flat ground is trenched with a depth of 10 cm, followed by trenching, sowing, and ridges covered with soil.

5. Reasonable close planting

The general row spacing of potato planted in autumn is 60 cm, with 4500 to 5000 plants per mu. Planting density is too thin, too thick can not achieve high yield.

VI. Strengthen field management

1. After the seedlings of scientific topdressing were fully fertilized, a quick-acting seedling-raising fertilizer was applied in combination with mid-tillage, and ammonium bicarbonate was applied to 40 kg per mu; when the seedling height before budding was about 20 cm, combined with soil cultivation and urea 10kg per mu, topdressing was combined with watering, so that the fertilizer could be dissolved and absorbed by the root as soon as possible.

two。 Ploughing and weeding in the early stage after seedling emergence, shallow and medium ploughing and loosening topsoil in time after heavy rain, the first soil cultivation combined with middle tillage when the seedling height is about 20 cm, and the second soil cultivation at the early stage of flowering, be careful not to bury the lower leaves during soil cultivation, so as not to affect photosynthesis and reduce yield. Frosts Descent carried out the third soil cultivation before late October to protect tubers and prevent frost.

3. Timely irrigation and drainage of potatoes afraid of drought and waterlogging, timely watering during drought to ensure that the soil layer is moist, to meet the water needs of potato growth, and timely elimination of stagnant water in the field after rain.

4. Control of diseases, insect grubs and other underground pests with 3% phoxim granule 2~3kg per mu, fine soil 15~20kg was evenly distributed along the trench. Aphids are sprayed with a 2000-fold solution of 20% chlorhexidine EC or 50% aldicarb wettable powder. When the diseased plant of late blight is found, the spray can be sprayed with 800 times of 25% Ruidui wettable powder or 700 times of 72% Klu wettable powder, once every 7 days and 2 times in a row.

7. Timely harvest

Potato is mainly a vegetative growth plant, as long as the stem and leaves do not wither, the tuber can still expand. Therefore, it can be harvested after the stems and leaves are killed by frost (in the first and middle of November), so that the maximum yield can be obtained. If the price of potatoes on the market is good, they can be harvested in advance. Avoid bruising potato cubes and scraping potato skins during harvest to facilitate storage. (Wu Tianming, Agricultural Bureau of Huaiyang County)