Problems and Countermeasures of Autumn Potato

Autumn potato has a short growing period, simple management and high economic benefits, so it is a favorite crop for vegetable farmers in many potato producing areas. But at present, there are some problems that confuse producers.

First, the yield is not high. The average yield of autumn potatoes is about 1000 kg per mu, and the high yield can reach more than 1500 kg. The low yield is mainly due to the seeds carrying the virus except for the weather. Autumn potatoes are mostly planted with edible commercial potatoes produced in spring, and many kinds of potatoes have been obviously infected with the virus. In the hot autumn, such seed potatoes quickly show the symptoms of virus disease: the leaves are macular and wrinkled, the plants are short, and the yield is certainly not high. In addition, the cultivated land is ploughed with rotary ploughing, and the depth of cultivated land is generally no more than 10 centimeters, coupled with the application of excessive chemical fertilizer in successive years, the soil consolidation phenomenon is extremely serious. After the soil is cultivated, the loose soil is all grown on the ridge, and the root system of the potato can only be rooted in the hard plough bottom. The root system is not deep, which not only affects the growth and development of the root system, but also affects the normal expansion of the potato block in the hard hardened soil, and the yield is naturally not high. The way to prevent it is to use virus-free Yangqi potato as far as possible when planting seed potato in autumn. If spring cropping is used to produce potato, plants with strong growth and no virus symptoms should be selected in the field for seed use. The cultivated land should be ploughed deeply or sprayed with no-deep tillage soil conditioner before sowing to promote the looseness and permeability of the deep soil and break the consolidation.

Second, the phenomenon of green head is serious because the loose soil layer is too thin, the ridge after soil cultivation can not be very wide and thick. Therefore, as soon as the tuber expands, it is easy to expose the soil, and under the light, the tuber becomes green. When potatoes turn green, they are poisonous, cannot be eaten, cannot be used as feed, and can only be abandoned. This not only reduces the output, but also affects the quality of the goods. Preventive measures are as follows: deep ploughing soil, or spraying with no-deep tillage soil conditioner before sowing to promote the looseness and permeability of the deep seven soils, break the consolidation, cultivate the soil as wide and strict as possible, and avoid tuber exposure.