Technical methods of Potato cultivation

First, catch early before snatching and get ready. The first is the choice of stubble, the first stubble is corn and wheat, the second is soybean and sorghum, and the beet stubble is the worst. The second is the selection of plots, such as soft soil, high content of organic matter, deep soil layer, drought and waterlogging resistance, good fertilizer and water conservation, and suitable for tuber growth. The third is to straighten the ground, the main depth is about 25 cm, so that the leveling and raking fine, the upper solid and lower virtual, is conducive to the formation of tubers, good stem shape, and increase the yield. Fourth, rational fertilization, the base fertilizer is mainly organic fertilizer, but it must be mature and fermented, and the combination of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium must be achieved. Fifth, select a good seed potato, seed shape is the same size, relatively neat, full and robust, high purity, disease-free, smooth and delicate potato skin, fresh skin, strong vitality of potato pieces, can not select malformed, pointed, belly, cracks, rough, aging, prominent bud eyes of the old potato, seed potato selected, put in about 17 ℃ indoor sprouting to sow.

Second, catch early before snatching and broadcast early at the right time. When the temperature is stable through 6 ℃, the seeds can be sown, early sowing small whole potatoes, appropriate late sowing pieces sowing, but the potato pieces should not be less than 30 grams. The cultivation method is ridge cultivation, which can be divided into flat sowing, on-ridge sowing and under-ridge sowing.

Third, catch early before the rush, and strengthen the management. First, three shovels and three times, do a good job of ploughing and weeding, and immediately carry out the first shovel after emergence, release cold to increase temperature, activate the soil, eliminate weeds, promote early growth and rapid development of seedlings, achieve three shovels, fine shovels, deep shovels, and take big weeds once after ridges are sealed, which is good for ventilation and light. Second, scientific watering, after emergence to 7: 8 true leaves, need less water, should be less watering or no watering, in order to increase the ground temperature, take root well, stolon can grow quickly, can be watered once in drought, ploughing and burying soil in time after watering, watering should be properly controlled before budding, flood should be watered once in case of drought, and the soil should be kept moist after squatting. The third is reasonable topdressing, which is mainly nitrogen fertilizer, and the amount of topdressing is about 3 kg per mu. After shoveling the ground for the first time after emergence, the topdressing method is trenched on both sides of the ridge and artificially filtered into the ditch, followed by ploughing and burying the soil, and also topdressing a certain proportion of phosphorus and potash fertilizer. In the later growth stage, the root absorption capacity decreased, which could not meet the needs of plant growth, so it was necessary to carry out extra-root topdressing. The method was to spray 0.5% urea and 0.3% potassium dihydrogen phosphate about 15 days before harvest. The fourth is to remove the flower bud, when the potato bud, should be removed in time to ensure soil nutrients, water concentrated supply of tuber growth needs. Fifth, chemical control treatment, in order to prevent the overgrowth of the aboveground part of the potato, we can choose the suitable chemical control agent to reduce the plant height, promote the seedling and increase the yield.

Fourth, catch early before snatching and harvest at the right time. In general, the plant can be harvested when it reaches physiological maturity, that is, the leaf color gradually changes from green to yellow to withered, but it does not necessarily wait until the physiological maturity to harvest, according to the purpose of cultivation, economic benefits, or the need for tubers.

Fifth, catch early before looting and gain a foothold in fighting against disasters. To prevent frost in autumn and spring, farmers say that they would rather suffer ten freezes than one frost, and they should also do a good job in fighting drought and waterlogging, preventing diseases and pests, preventing hail disasters, and so on, so as to gain a bumper harvest based on disaster resistance.