Standardized fertilization techniques for Rice

I. principles of fertilization

1. Implement balanced fertilization according to the law of crop fertilizer demand, soil nutrient supply and fertilizer effect, determine the corresponding fertilizer application amount and fertilization methods. Based on the principle of the combination of organic fertilizer and inorganic fertilizer and the combination of base fertilizer and topdressing fertilizer, balanced fertilization was realized.

2. Implement harmless organic fertilizer the organic fertilizer produced by farmers must go through ripening and fermentation, carry out harmless treatment, and kill pathogenic microorganisms, insect eggs and weed seeds. The use of industrial wastes, municipal waste and sludge and farm fertilizers that do not meet the harmless targets are prohibited.

3. To carry out the compound and special use of inorganic fertilizers, the selection of fertilizer types should meet the fertilizer variety and quality requirements stipulated in the Fertilizer quality Standard (ny/t394), and organic-inorganic compound fertilizers and various crop-specific compound fertilizers should be selected as far as possible.

II. Standardized fertilization techniques for rice

In fertilization, we should re-apply base fertilizer, early topdressing tiller fertilizer, skillfully use Hui fertilizer, and supplement grain fertilizer. The amount of fertilizer application was based on the standard of nitrogen fertilizer, and the proportion of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium was used to determine the amount of phosphorus and potassium fertilizer. 225,300kg urea was applied per hectare. After determining the amount of nitrogen fertilizer, the amount of phosphorus and potassium fertilizer was determined according to the amount of nitrogen ∶ phosphorus ∶ potassium = 1 ∶ 0.5 ∶ 0.3 × 0.5.

1. Seedling bed soil preparation per square meter of bed soil, the application of high-quality mature agricultural fertilizer 10kg 15kg, strong seedling nutrition agent 0.125 kg, mixed well with the prepared sifted bed soil, the bed soil thickness is about 10 cm, ph 4.5-5.5.

2. When it is found that the seedlings are de-fertilized during the 2.5-leaf period of topdressing in the seedling bed, 1.5 grams of ammonium sulfate per square meter, 0.25 grams of zinc sulfate and 100 times dilution are sprayed on the leaves, and the leaves are washed with clean water in time after spraying. Six days before raising seedlings, 150 grams of diammonium phosphate per square meter were sprinkled. After topdressing, the seedlings were washed with clean water.

3. Honda fertilizes more farm manure and less chemical fertilizer. 30 tons of rotten organic fertilizer per hectare, combined with dry harrowing land, 112.5-150 kg diammonium phosphate, 75 kg potassium sulfate per hectare, combined with water for soil preparation.

4. The principle of topdressing rice: full tiller, stable panicle and grain diameter.

The main results are as follows: (1) from tillering fertilizer transplanting to pre-tillering, apply 50-75 kg urea per hectare.

(2) the application of panicle fertilizer at the early jointing stage was 5075 kg of urea and 50 kg of potassium sulfate per hectare. The application of potassium fertilizer can increase the seed setting rate and 1000-grain weight, promote early maturity, enhance disease resistance and lodging resistance.

(3) apply grain fertilizer before heading, 15-22.5 kg urea per hectare. Although the amount of nitrogen uptake decreased after heading, if the soil nitrogen supply was insufficient, the photosynthetic efficiency of leaves would be reduced, and proper application of grain fertilizer could prevent premature senescence of roots and leaves.

(4) extra-root topdressing if the base fertilizer is not applied with zinc fertilizer, it can be foliar supplemented with 0.2% aqueous solution of 50 grams of 100 grams of zinc sulfate at the tillering stage. Leaf spraying can be carried out with liquid fertilizer containing silicon and selenium (according to the concentration of instructions), which can enhance the disease resistance of rice, mature earlier, improve the taste and nutritional quality of rice, and increase the commercial value. Spraying 0.2%-0.3% potassium dihydrogen phosphate and other liquid fertilizers during the full heading-filling period can prolong the survival rate of functional leaves in the later growth stage, accelerate grain filling rate, reduce empty grain rate, increase 1000-grain weight, and play a certain role in preventing delayed chilling injury.