Key techniques of soil testing and formula fertilization for rice
According to the technical principle of soil testing and formula fertilization, combined with the practice of soil testing and formula fertilization in Pulandian City, 10 technical links in the process of rice soil testing and formula fertilization were summarized.
1. Select the local representative plots, and arrange the experimental plots according to the area of high, medium and low fertility cultivated land. The fertility of the experimental land is uniform, and the fertilization status of the previous crops is the same as far as possible.
two。 Soil samples were collected before turning the soil, taking "plum blossom shape" or "serpentine shape" to take 15 points with a vertical depth of 0 cm to 15 cm. After the soil was fully mixed, the soil was reduced to 0.5 kg by "dichotomy". The soil samples were tested after natural air drying, and the main test indexes were available nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium.
3. The varieties with strong local resistance, high yield and large application area were selected, and the varieties were the same in each experimental site.
4. The time of raising seedling and transplanting seedling is the same, raising seedling in dry field, sparsely sowing and strong seedling, the type of base fertilizer and topdressing fertilizer is the same as the quantity, transplanting time is the same, row spacing is 30 cm, plant spacing is 13 cm, 3 plants per hole, 17000 holes per mu, the number of holes in each treatment is the same.
5. In each treatment interval, single irrigation and single row (middle main channel) should be implemented, with a ridge width of 0.5 meters and a height of 0.3 meters, which can not be blocked by low and narrow, so as to prevent seepage, irrigation or excessive precipitation, which will affect the fertilizer efficiency between treatments. At the same time, there are protection lines of more than 4 meters around.
6. The type and amount of agricultural fertilizer should be the same as that of chemical fertilizer. After blocking the ridge of the border, the agricultural fertilizer was sprinkled into the border to turn the soil, or mixed with chemical fertilizer (among which nitrogen fertilizer was left 2 to 3).
7. The choice of irrigation conditions is to select the land with water head or convenient to carry water, mainly to prevent the inflow of border water after fertilization.
8. It is more convenient to use simple chemical fertilizer in the chemical fertilizer selection test, and the nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizer used must be produced by a unified factory with accurate nutrient content.
9. The total amount of nitrogen fertilizer was mixed with the total amount of phosphorus and potassium fertilizer for one time, and the remaining two nitrogen fertilizers were topdressing at tillering, jointing and heading stage, respectively.
10. Do a good fertility survey during the growth period, receive singles in each community during harvest, and pay attention to the hazards of chickens, birds and rats when drying, so as to ensure the accuracy of the output of the community.
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Technology of soil testing and formula fertilization for rice
1. Principles of fertilization 1. Soil testing and formula fertilization for rice should grasp the principles of soil yield, fertilizer yield, deficiency, combination of organic and inorganic, and balanced application of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium. The first is to measure the soil. Soil testing is the premise of soil testing formula fertilization, through the analysis and determination of soil nutrients, a more accurate grasp of soil nutrient status and fertilizer supply performance, to provide a scientific basis for formula fertilization; second, it is necessary to match the formula. Formula is the key to fertilization. On the basis of soil testing, according to soil characteristics, cultivation habits, fertilizer requirements of crops, production level and climate, etc.
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Water Management in different growth stages of Rice
Rice has strict requirements for water conditions, and water requirements are different in different growth stages. In order to ensure stable and high yield of rice, scientific water management should be carried out according to different growth stages. 1. Irrigation in shallow water frequently at tillering stage. Frequent irrigation in shallow water at tillering stage makes the stem of rice plant transparent, and sunlight can directly illuminate the stem of rice plant, increase water temperature and soil temperature, increase oxygen in soil, promote root development, improve fertilizer absorption capacity, promote early tillering, and improve tiller panicle rate. The depth of irrigation should be 3-5 cm according to weather conditions, and shallow water should be used on cloudy and rainy days. High
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