How to produce high-yielding rice seedlings

Rice is the main grain crop in the lakeside depression of south and southwest Shandong Province, with high yield and strong commodity. However, due to the disorder of varieties and serious diseases in recent years, farmers 'income in rice areas has been affected. Therefore, it is necessary to implement various rice seedling techniques to lay a good foundation for high yield and harvest of rice.

1. Select high-quality varieties. Yujing 6 rice is poor in disease resistance, but it has excellent quality, strong photosynthetic efficiency and compensation ability and good high yield, so it should still be the main rice variety this year. It can be planted with Lindao 11, Zhendao 88, Shengdao 806 for demonstration, Shengdao 301, Xiangjing 9407, glutinous rice and other special rice according to special needs or orders to meet market demand and increase farmers 'income.

Second, deep ploughing seedling field, sunning live soil. Deep turning and sun-drying of reserved seedling field can improve soil physical properties, improve soil water storage, fertilizer storage and fertilizer supply capacity, and improve seedling disease resistance and stress resistance, which has obvious effect on cultivating strong seedlings.

Third, do a good job of seed treatment. 1. Sunning seeds: about 10 days before falling, sunning seeds for 2~3 days in sunny days to improve seed germination rate and germination potential. 2. Seed soaking with pesticide: 2 ml of 10% seed soaking cream plus 5~10 ml of 5% Regent, 6~8 kg of water, soaking 5 kg, soaking for 3~5 days, sowing without washing, can effectively prevent the occurrence of rice bakanae disease, dry tip nematode disease and early seedling stage Laodelphax striatello.

4. Nurturing seedlings at appropriate time and cultivating strong seedlings. In southern and southwestern Shandong rice regions, the suitable seedling time is about May 1, and the suitable seedling age is about 45 days. All localities can reasonably arrange seedling raising time according to the local transplanting progress, not only to avoid short-aged seedlings, but also to avoid long-aged and weak seedlings.

Because of its small seedling size, yellow-green leaf color, old and healthy plant, it can reduce the tendency of Laodelphax striatellus, has strong anti-infection ability, and has great effect on reducing the occurrence of rice stripe disease. At the same time, dry seedling has many advantages such as "saving land and seeds, returning seedlings quickly after transplanting, easy survival", etc., so it should be actively promoted in villages with conditions.

Fifth, heavy application of base fertilizer, fine plate. Apply formula fertilization, apply urea 10 kg (or ammonium bicarbonate 30 kg), diammonium phosphate 10~15 kg, potassium sulfate 10 kg, zinc sulfate 1~2 kg in each mu before soaking, evenly turn into 10 cm soil layer after application, and then irrigate and soak the field. Ridge surface to be flat, no light and shade, to 1.5 meters wide, 30 meters long or so is appropriate. The ditch depth is kept at about 20 cm, and the whole board falls into the valley after the water naturally falls dry.

6. Precision falling valley, timely coverage. 25~30 kg of grain per mu of seedling cleaning plate is appropriate. Rice seeds should be weighed according to the plate and grain should be evenly dropped. Do not increase the amount of falling valley at will. When the seedling board is not soft or hard (half seeds enter the mud), the grain falls in time. After the grain falls, the grain collapses and covers the screened soil, miscellaneous fertilizer or fine soil. It is strictly prohibited to cover it with undecomposed plant ash or organic fertilizer. The thickness of soil covering for dry seedlings should reach 1~1.5 cm to prevent moisture loss from affecting germination and emergence.

7. Advocate the use of insect nets for seedling raising. Because the insect net can effectively prevent the direct contact between the yellow planthopper and rice seedlings, and cut off the transmission path of rice stripe disease, the occurrence and damage of rice stripe disease can be prevented or reduced.

8. Do a good job in seedling management. 1. Water and fertilizer management: keep the surface wet in the early stage of seedling field, alternate dry and wet in the middle and late stage, and irrigate frequently with small water. From one-leaf stage to three-leaf stage, urea 10 kg per mu is applied as tillering fertilizer. In addition, no more nitrogen fertilizer, especially no more fertilizer. 3. Weeding in seedling field: spray 150~ 200g of 35.75% Longsha WP on 30~ 40kg of water 2~5 days after sowing, keep seedling plate wet for 5~7 days after spraying, or spray 60~ 80g of 36% Lingxiu or 32% Zhiduoxin WP on 30~ 40kg of water at seedling 3~4 leaf stage. After emergence, broadleaf weeds and polygala mixed plots can be sprayed with mixture of agrochemicals and polygala. 4. Timely pest control and disease prevention.