Do a good job of preventing heat and cooling chickens in summer

The most suitable temperature for laying hens is 17 ℃ ~ 28 ℃, and the temperature that has little effect on production is about 7 ℃ ~ 27 ℃. When the summer temperature in Shandong Province is more than 35 ℃, chickens will faint and die when they reach 40 ℃. The experiment proved that when the temperature in the henhouse reached more than 30 ℃, the sperm of the rooster decreased, the sexual maturity of the hen was delayed, the fertilization rate decreased by 60%, and the laying rate of laying hens decreased generally. At the same time, due to the decrease of blood calcium and the imbalance of acid-base balance, it was easy to induce other diseases, such as Escherichia coli, mycosis and so on. Broilers are less tolerant to heat stress because of their large body size, easy fat deposition and difficulties in heat dissipation. Therefore, in the high temperature weather in summer, if we do not take effective measures to prevent heat and cool down, the light will lead to lower production performance, and the serious ones will die of heatstroke. The following measures can be taken to prevent heat and cool down:

First, chicken house noodles cool down

1. Experiments have shown that when it is hot in summer, the white surface temperature is only 41.5 ℃, while the black surface temperature can reach 80 ℃, because 70% of the heat on the white roof can be radiated into radiant heat. In order to reduce the temperature in the house, the roof can be treated with white lime or white cement.

two。 Spraying water on the roof can effectively reduce the increase in heat in the house, generally spraying water before the high temperature (9: 00: 00: 10: 00) and keeping it moist.

Second, strengthen ventilation

When high temperature is generally required, the wind speed in the house is required to reach more than 1 m / s, which can reduce the somatosensory temperature by more than 3 ℃. Somatosensory temperature = air temperature-3 × (v refers to wind speed), the following measures can be taken to strengthen ventilation in the house:

1. Increase the vents of the chicken coop

two。 Increase the number of exhaust fans

3. Reduce the cross-sectional area of the house: most of the chicken houses in Shandong adopt horizontal ventilation, so the chicken house span should be in the range of 6-8 meters in order to get a good ventilation effect.

4. Night ventilation: if the high temperature can be reduced by 10 ℃ ~ 15 ℃ at night, the tolerance of chickens to high temperature during the day will be greatly enhanced.

Third, improve the external environment of the chicken house

Planting trees around the henhouse is recommended, trees can shade, grass can absorb heat, the ground with turf can absorb 80%-90% heat, only 20%-10% refract, and the opposite is true where there is no grass.

IV. Cooling measures taken by the Defense Department in the chicken house

1. Water curtain or circulating curtain is arranged at the air inlet.

two。 Set up a spraying device, by spraying cold water in the house (it is best to add appropriate disinfectant to the water, such as adding Dabinong Weikang according to the ratio of 1 ∶ 1000 to 1500) so that it can directly cool and evaporate, and can also play the role of disinfecting chickens, but the relative humidity in the chicken house should not exceed 50%.

3. "Little White Dragon cooling method": that is, the nylon pipe used to irrigate the farmland is coiled in the house (9: 00: 00: 10: 00 in the morning) filled with cold water, which can effectively lower the temperature in the chicken house, and the chicken can also lie down on the pipe, which is very comfortable.

4. Keep enough water in the sink and the depth of the water should be in place: when the temperature is above 28 ℃, the amount of water consumed by chickens should be increased by 10 milliliters per day for every 1 ℃ increase, so enough water must be given. The deeper the water in the sink, the easier it is for the chicken to wash its head and keep it cool. According to the Poultry Research Institute of the University of Texas in the United States, keeping the head cool in the high temperature season can increase the laying rate, so cold air cooling devices can be set up in the chicken head to improve the production performance of the chicken.

Fifth, improve feeding and management

1. Proper adjustment of basic diet: carbohydrates are the main source of heat source in chickens. Fat can be used to replace the same amount of carbohydrates at high temperature, which can significantly improve heat stress and poultry production performance.

two。 Adjust the feeding method: when the house temperature is higher than 25 ℃, the feed intake of chickens with an increase of 1 ℃ is reduced by 1.7%, so in high temperature weather, feed while it is cool in the morning and evening, and drink water at noon.

VI. Medicine to prevent summer heat

1. The addition of VC1.5~2 grams per kilogram of feed can inhibit the rise of body temperature, increase food, and has the effect of anti-heat stress.

two。 Drinking water with 0.1% sodium bicarbonate can regulate acid-base balance in the body. In hot summer, chickens accelerate their breathing in order to eliminate excess heat, resulting in excessive elimination of CO2, decrease of CO3-2 in blood, and lack of sufficient guarantee of CaCO3, the main component of eggshell, resulting in the decline of eggshell quality and the increase of soft-shell and white-shell eggs. Baking soda (NaHCO3) can supplement CO3-2. The general dosage is between 0.1% and 0.5%, but the amount of salt should be reduced accordingly to prevent excessive sodium ions. For example, when the temperature is 30 ℃ and the relative humidity is 65%, NaHCO30.25%, salt is 0.2%.

3. 0.1% fumaric acid added to the diet can play the role of sedation, reduce activity, reduce metabolism and reduce heat production in the body.

4. The addition of salinomycin 70PPm (70g / t feed) to the diet can stabilize the laying rate, prevent heat stress and prevent coccidiosis.

5. Add Dabei Nong Weilikang (100 grams to 200 kilograms of water) in drinking water to supplement nutrition, improve immunity and reduce the effects of heat stress.

7. First aid measures for heat stress in chickens

1. Put it in a ventilated and shady place

two。 Wash, especially the head, with water.