Diagnosis and treatment of acute selenium poisoning in pigs

1 Symptoms and symptoms

In November 2002, a professional household in Wuhua County, Guangdong Province raised 20 piglets in the same litter. The piglets had sufficient breast milk, normal feeding and good growth. The weight of each piglet at 10 days old was about 1.5~2kg. Animal owners were injected with sodium selenite and vitamin E 2ml per pig. The next morning there were 2 pigs depressed spirit, unwilling to walk, do not feed, stand frequently urinate, the amount of pain, shortness of breath, difficulty, walk like drunk, aimless random walk, head against the wall or circle. The skin of ear margin and abdomen was purplish red, conjunctiva and lip mucosa were pale, body temperature was 36.5℃ and 35℃ respectively, heart rate was 120 beats/min. He died about 6 hours later. At the same time, other pigs with smaller body weight appeared the same symptoms and died one after another, and 12 pigs died in the morning of the third day after injection.

2. Pathological examination

Laryngeal mucosa showed punctate hemorrhage, tracheal congestion, with white foamy mucus; lung dark red, congestion, edema, superficial blood with congestion spots; pericardium dilated with pale yellow liquid, epicardial punctate hemorrhage; liver swelling, congestion; gallbladder swelling, full of thick bile; kidney enlargement, capsule easy to peel, pale gray white, and punctate hemorrhage, no bleeding spots in bladder; intestinal congestion purple, intestinal cavity full of mucus; stomach full of white milk, stomach fundus bleeding, mucosa easy to scrape off; Mesentery blood vessels were swollen and purple-brown arborization; lymph nodes had no obvious changes.

3 treatment

Sodium thiosulfate was diluted with 2ml of water for injection at the rate of 0.2 g per pig for the first time, and then injected intramuscularly once. After about 6 hours, 0.1 g per pig was injected repeatedly. At the same time, vitamin B12 0.5mg, vitamin B10.1g, once intramuscular injection; seriously ill pigs 10% sodium benzoate 5ml, once intramuscular injection. After treatment, there are no more deaths.

4 Summary and discussion

According to the condition and therapeutic diagnosis, we suspected selenium poisoning.

4.1 Selenium deficiency disease has been widely noticed in the mountainous areas where selenium is deficient in our county. However, acute selenium poisoning is more likely to cause livestock death, chronic selenium poisoning affects the growth and development of livestock. Therefore, the author thinks that the dosage of sodium selenite and vitamin E injection should be strictly controlled in clinical diagnosis to avoid poisoning. In general, selenium deficiency can be effectively prevented by adding oral selenium preparation into feed. When there is no obvious selenium deficiency symptom, it is not necessary to use selenium injection, let alone selenium injection to prevent selenium deficiency.

4.2 According to relevant information, the demand for selenium in pigs is only 1.0mg/kg, and the toxic dose is 7.0mg/kg. When pigs are injected with lmg/Kg body weight, toxic symptoms will occur. Attention should be paid to controlling the dosage when using.

4.3 The mechanism of selenium poisoning is mainly that excessive selenium replaces sulfur in sulfur-containing amino acids in proteins, thus inhibiting the metabolism of amino acids and the activity of sulfhydryl enzymes. Therefore, the author thinks that sulfur preparation has a good effect on selenium poisoning, which can directly act on selenium and thus play a role in detoxification; at the same time, sodium thiosulfate is cheap and convenient to use, which can be injected intravenously or intramuscularly, and can be the first choice drug for selenium poisoning.