Medicinal Flowers: Asarum
I. Source
It is a plant of Aristolochaceae, AsarumbeterotropoidesFr.Schm.var.mandchuricum (Ma-xim) Kitag. Alias smoke bag pot flower, ginseng. The whole herb is used as medicine. Mainly produced in Jilin, Liaoning, Heilongjiang and other provinces. This medicine is one of the most important aromatherapy drugs and is commonly used in clinic. But the producing area is too small, the output is not high, can not meet the market demand.
II. Plant characteristics
Perennial herbs. Rhizome transverse, nodes obvious, with many slender yellow-white fibrous roots. The stem is short and inconspicuous, with membranous scales and 2-4 large leaves at the base, petiole long, leaf blade heart-shaped, auriculate on both sides, entire. Flowers single in the axils of leaves, shaped like a cigarette bag pot, dirty purplish red. Fruit hemispherical, seeds numerous, brown. Flowering in May and fruiting in June.
III. Ecological characteristics
Like cool and moist, humus-rich back-shaded slope or sparse woodland cultivation; clayey soil, water low-lying land is not suitable for cultivation. Avoid direct glare. Asarum seeds have the process of post-embryonic ripening, which needs to be kept moist, and it is not easy for dry seeds to emerge.
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Artificial cultivation techniques of traditional Chinese Medicine Asarum
Asarum planted in Tieling area, called Liao Asarum, is a kind of traditional Chinese medicine native to Changbai Mountains. It mainly contains essential oil, asarone, palmitic acid, asarine, methyl eugenol and so on. The whole herb can be used as medicine. it is a good medicine for dispelling wind and cold and carrying water steam. it has the effects of analgesia, sedation, sweating, phlegm and so on. It is also used to extract insect repellents. The main results are as follows: (1) the life span of Asarum seeds is short, and the seeds germinated after sowing can take root quickly, but they will not be unearthed in the same year and will not emerge until the spring of the second year. The embryo of a naturally matured seed is not yet fully mature.
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How long is the life span of Asarum seeds?
The life span of Asarum seeds is very short, and the germination rate of naturally mature seeds is very high, up to 99%. However, after stored at room temperature and dry for 20 days, the germination rate decreased to 81% for 40 days, to 29% for 40 days, and only 2% for 60 days. As a result, it can be seen that the germination rate of Asarum seeds decreased gradually with the extension of storage period, and the dry storage period was only 60 days. As Asarum seeds can not be dried and stored indoors, they should be sowed or stored in sand immediately after harvest.
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