Cultivation and Management of Angelica sinensis
The transplanted seedlings loosen the soil and weed for 3 times in one year, and the first time when the seedling height is 3~5cm. After weeding, topdressing was applied for the first time, 1500kg to 2500kg of sparse human and animal manure per 667m2, and 2500~3000kg for rotten stable manure, compost or fire soil ash per 667m2 for the second and third times. Bolting seedlings should be removed in time and watered during drought, but watering is prohibited in the later stage so as not to cause rotten roots.
Early bolting: the key problem of Angelica sinensis in production is early bolting (in the year of transplantation). Generally, the early bolting rate is 30%, and the serious bolting rate can reach more than 50%. Bolting Angelica sinensis root firewood, light smell, lack of oily, poor quality, can not be used as medicine. The reason leading to the early bolting of Angelica sinensis is that in ontogeny, from non-bolting to bolting, we need to go through two stages: vernalization stage and light stage. The former requires a low temperature of 0.5 ℃, while the latter requires long sunshine of more than 12 hours. Under natural conditions, low temperatures come from winter, and long sunshine is required around summer. The annual Angelica sinensis can be passed by long-day sunshine in the summer of the year, and the reason for not bolting is that it has not gone through the low temperature in winter. However, after winter storage, not all of the plants can bolt and blossom through the vernalization process. Angelica plants need to have enough sugar through the vernalization process. Enlarged plants are easy to bolting, while small plants are not easy to bolting.
In order to reduce the early bolting of Angelica sinensis, the seedling size was controlled by improving the seedling technique to achieve the purpose of controlling bolting. Some technical measures can be taken:
First, it is appropriate to choose the semi-shady slope and the alpine mountain area with medium soil fertility, or postpone the sowing and breeding period, control the seedling age within 70 days, and make the seedling root diameter about 3.5mm. The method of direct broadcast after the Beginning of Autumn can also be used to make the early bolting rate very low.
Second, when transplanting in the second year, it is best to plant it on land with deep, loose, fertile and well-drained soil. After slowing down the seedlings, strengthen the fertilizer and water management, make the seedlings grow healthily, make the roots obtain a large number of assimilation products, in order to improve the yield and quality of the medicinal parts.
Third, the seedlings were frozen and stored at a low temperature of about-10 ℃ until the following spring. Because the seedlings can not get the necessary conditions of vernalization, the stage change can not be realized and the bolting rate is reduced.
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Cultivation techniques of Angelica sinensis
Angelica sinensis is propagated by transplanting with seeds. The harvest in the second year of autumn direct seeding or the harvest of spring direct seeding in the same year were also found in lower altitude areas (1500-1800 m), but the yield and quality were low. Choose cool and moist Yinshan or Eryin Mountain, potholes and small basins that conserve water but do not accumulate water, instead of dry wind beams. Soil quality requires loose and fertile, there is no stone large black soil or black oil sand, generally choose wasteland to raise seedlings. Make a high border 1 meter wide on the leveled plot and plant it in mid-late June while it is wet.
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Management of Angelica sinensis in winter
Direct seeding angelica combined with topdressing before winter, manure soil covered on the seedlings or in the seedlings covered with about 1 cm of fine soil, so that it is free from freezing damage; seedling transplanting angelica winter to do a good job of seedling storage; seed angelica in order to improve seed yield and quality, before harvest must choose high mountains or semi-mountain ground growth robust, uniform seedlings. After that, the aboveground part of the remaining seed plants will be cut off, weeds will be removed, and they will be allowed to winter naturally, and they will be kept under constant supervision to prevent livestock from entering and trampling, resulting in lack of seedlings. Weeds grow in the following spring and can be pulled out by hand; the roots are covered with soil at this time
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