Prevention and control of root rot of Angelica sinensis
Angelica root rot, also known as root rot disease, is one of the main diseases in the growth and development period of Angelica sinensis, which has a great impact on its yield and quality.
The main results are as follows: 1. harmful symptoms: harmful to roots and stems. The root tissue of the diseased plant was brown at first, and then rotted into water immersion, leaving only a fibrous shell. The stem is brown and watery, the growth of the aboveground part stops, and the plant is short. Oval brown patches appeared on the leaves, and in severe cases, the leaves withered and sagged, even the whole plant died.
2. Pathogens: (Fusariumavenaceum (Fr.) sacc) belongs to the subphylum of semispherical bacteria and Fusarium oxysporum. The conidia are large and small, large spores are sickle-shaped, multicellular, with 1 Mel 5 diaphragms; small spores are ovoid, pseudocephalic, monospore.
3. The law of disease: the pathogen overwintered in the diseased soil or on Angelica seedlings with hyphae and conidia, and became the source of primary infection in the following year. The disease began in early May, was serious in June, reached the peak in July and August, and gradually alleviated due to the decrease of temperature in September. Bacteria are mainly distributed in the tillage layer in the soil, and high temperature and high humidity are beneficial to the occurrence of the disease. The activity of underground pests is frequent and there are many root wounds, which is beneficial to the disease. Continuous cropping will aggravate the occurrence of the disease.
4. Control measures: ① chooses sandy soil with good drainage and strong water permeability as cultivation land. Planting in high ridges and crop rotation. ② soil disinfection: before transplanting, 70% pentachloronitrobenzene or 70% dimethazone and other pesticides were used for soil treatment. ③ selected robust and disease-free seedlings for transplantation. before transplanting, soak in Bordeaux solution of 1purl and 150 for 10 minutes and 15 minutes, then dry and plant. Or when raising seedlings, mix seeds with carbendazim and topiramate according to 0.3-0.5% of seed weight. ④ pulled out the diseased plant in time and burned it centrally. Apply a pinch of lime powder to the disease point, and fully spray the disease area with 50% thiophanate 600 × 1000 times or 50% topiramate 800 times 1000 times to prevent spread. ⑤ should strengthen field management, properly increase the application of phosphorus and potassium fertilizer, timely ploughing and weeding, and improve plant disease resistance.
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Standardized cultivation techniques of Angelica sinensis
1 Land selection and land preparation 1.1 Land selection. Select the sandy loam with deep, loose, good drainage, fertile and rich in organic matter. To raise seedlings, it is best to choose the north gentle slope of half-shade and half-yang, and it is appropriate to transplant in the place of leeward to the sun, avoiding continuous cropping. 1.2 ground preparation. The cultivation land should choose the field with deep soil layer, turn deeply 2 or 3 times before sowing, turn the soil more than 25 cm deep, speed up the soil ripening through the sun, and then combine with soil preparation before planting, apply mature farm manure 23.3 tons / mu, compound fertilizer 30kg / mu, turn into the soil to make the foundation.
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Angelica sinensis is covered with sunshade net to increase production, quality and benefit.
The shading cultivation technique of Angelica sinensis starts from the three-leaf stage of Angelica sinensis (that is, from mid-May to early August, when high temperature and strong light after summer), and covers the shading net with a shading rate of 50%. It provides a suitable small environment for Angelica sinensis production to grow under the original ecological conditions of medium temperature, weak light and humidity. by cooling, humidifying and reducing light, the bolting rate of Angelica sinensis in dryland cultivation can be reduced to about 30%. Moreover, the sunshade cultivation of Angelica sinensis can prevent and reduce the harm of diseases and insect pests, so it can improve the quality of Angelica sinensis.
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