Off-season cultivation techniques of Pleurotus ostreatus

Xiuzhen mushroom is pleasing to the eye, fresh and tender, good taste, no fishy smell of Pleurotus ostreatus, and is favored by consumers. The market demand is large and the cultivation benefit is good. Our field began to study the out-of-season cultivation techniques of Xiuzhen mushroom since 2004. after three years of exploration, we basically mastered the technical requirements of Xiuzhen mushroom cultivation in summer.

1. Varieties:

Taiwan Xiuzhen mushroom

2. Cultivation season:

According to the biological characteristics of Xiuzhen mushroom and the climatic conditions in northern Zhejiang, under natural conditions, autumn planting can be arranged in August-September cultivation bags, October-November cultivation bags, spring planting in January-February cultivation bags, April-June mushroom production. According to the characteristics that Pleurotus ostreatus can grow and develop under the condition of higher temperature after primordium formation, the out-of-season cultivation was carried out with refrigeration equipment. The bacterial bag was made in April and mushroom was produced from June to September.

3. Cultivation places:

Xiuzhen mushroom needs low temperature stimulation during the turning tide, which requires good thermal insulation performance of the mushroom shed. The steel pipe greenhouse can be used as the skeleton, covered with two layers of large greenhouse film, sandwiched with a layer of foam board in the middle, and then covered with grass curtain on the upper layer. The roof is equipped with an air pipe every 3 m, and the area of the mushroom shed is controlled at 50-60m2. The horizontal arrangement of bags with layer shelves is adopted. The height of the floor is about 50cm, and each shed can arrange 5000 Murray 6000 bags.

4. Formula of culture material:

The culture material formula suitable for local out-of-season cultivation is: cotton shell 39%, sawdust 39%, wheat bran 20%, lime 1%, light calcium carbonate 1%, carbendazim 0.1%, culture material water content about 65%. The formula is used to harvest more times, and the bioconversion rate is 60%.

5. Manufacture of bacterial bags:

When the material temperature dropped below 30 ℃, it was inoculated according to the aseptic operation rules, and each bag of bacteria could be inoculated with 40 bags of cultivation bags.

6. Germ management:

The germ room should be dry and clean. The temperature is kept at 25 ℃ and the humidity is controlled at 60% Murray 65%. Avoid light culture. If the room temperature is low at the time of inoculation, the method of heat inoculation and accumulation of bacteria can be used. After the cover of the mycelium, it is necessary to turn the pile in time for ventilation. Generally, the hyphae can be filled with bacteria bags in about 40 days.

7. Mushroom production management:

When the primordia form or appear small mushroom buds, open the bag in time and scratch the bacteria to produce mushrooms. After opening the bag, the temperature was controlled at 18 ℃ 22 min, and the mushroom room was moderately controlled at 85%. Generally, it can be harvested 3-5 days after budding.

The second tide of mushrooms began to need low temperature stimulation. After the previous batch of mushrooms were harvested, the residual stalks and dead mushrooms were removed and cultured for 7-10 days, and then refrigerated by a refrigerator. After the temperature dropped to 12 ℃, the temperature was kept for 15-20 hours, or in a cold storage, the humidity was controlled at about 85%.

When the yield of mushroom decreased obviously, the film at the bottom of the bag was cut off and managed according to the previous management, and the mushroom could be picked again.

7. Pest control:

The stage of opening bags and producing mushrooms is the season of frequent occurrence of all kinds of insect pests. The serious pest is mushroom mosquito. Mushroom mosquitoes not only eat mycelium, but also bring in mold, causing pollution. In the process of cultivation, we must do a good job in the control of mushroom mosquitoes.

A. do a good job in environmental hygiene and keep it clean. Prevent the breeding of mosquitoes and flies.

B. Install 40 mesh gauze in doors, windows and vents to prevent mosquito adults from moving in.

C. low toxic insecticides were used in the period of bacteria occurrence and culture. The common pesticides are 4.5% cypermethrin 1500 times or 4.3% mushroom net 1000 times spray.

D. the culture bag of the invaded mosquito was soaked in 300 times of King Ke and 500 times of cypermethrin in time, and the soaking time was 10-15 seconds.

8. Points for attention:

When inoculating, the bacteria should be allowed to fall evenly on the surface of the bag to prevent it from being placed on the collar and affecting the cover of the bacteria.

During the low temperature treatment, the temperature dropped to 12 ℃ and kept for at least 15 hours, otherwise the mushroom would not produce neatly.