Suitable cultivation season of Agaricus bisporus
Agaricus bisporus is a kind of low-temperature fruiting fungus, which produces fruiting body only when it is below 18 ℃, and the optimum temperature for mushroom production is about 16 ℃. Therefore, the cultivation season is mostly arranged in autumn and winter and lasts until early spring. Due to the differences in climate and topography and microclimate, the cultivation period of mushrooms can be determined according to the local meteorological data.
Generally, the sowing time is when the local average temperature of day and night in autumn is stable at 22: 25 ℃. As a result, the date of culture material construction is about 23 days, the middle and last ten days of August in Jiangsu and Zhejiang, the first and middle of September in northern Fujian, and the last ten days of August to early September in Chongqing. In recent years, in order to prevent the sudden increase in temperature during sowing and the outbreak of diseases and insect pests, the mushroom planting area in the Yangtze River basin is often delayed for 15 to 20 days, that is, to build a heap for fermentation in early September.
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Cultivation of Agaricus bisporus in plastic shed
The mushroom is cultivated in plastic film shed, which has the advantages of simple construction, convenient disassembly and disinfection, good heat preservation and moisture retention, high yield and good quality. To build a shed, the topography near the edge of the village is relatively high, the water source is convenient, the surrounding area is open, and under the shade of a stockyard, wooden strips, bamboo poles, hemp poles, reeds, rattan and iron wire are used as building materials, and the mushroom shed faces south. The size and height depend on the topography and cultivation area. The shed has 5 to 6 floors, with a distance of 65 cm and a width of 1.3 to 1.6 meters. The construction of the shed and scaffolding are carried out at the same time.
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Causes and Control methods of "freaks" in the growth of Agaricus bisporus
1. Deformed mushroom. Poor ventilation, mushroom room carbon dioxide content of more than 0.3%, prone to deformed mushrooms. The mushroom part is too deep, and the mushrooms that grow between the cracks in the coarse soil are often deformed. The key point of prevention and control is to pay attention to the ventilation of the mushroom room. 2. Red root mushroom. Sour cultivation materials, high temperature before mushroom production, excessive water content of overlying soil layer, excessive topdressing of glucose, poor ventilation of mushroom room and so on are easy to lead to red root mushroom. The pH of the culture material should be adjusted, and the water content of the covered soil should be kept at 22%, 25%, to avoid sprinkling water at high temperature, and the concentration of topdressing should be appropriate.
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