The establishment of jujube garden
Jujube belongs to Rhamnaceae, which is resistant to drought and waterlogging, salt and alkali, and has strong adaptability to the planted soil. However, if it is planted on a plot with better soil conditions, it can grow better. At the same time, the yield and quality of fruit will be improved accordingly, so we should pay attention to the choice of garden when planting jujube trees.
When selecting the planted land, the following important factors should be taken into account. First, soil texture: it is best to choose sandy soil in areas with favorable conditions, especially sand cover gold (sand soil around 20cm in the surface layer and laterite in the lower layer) is the best. Jujube trees can also be planted in light clay loam, but after planting jujube trees in heavy clayey soil and gravel soil, the growth and fruit yield and quality are not ideal, and the life span is also short. Second, the thickness of soil layer: the general requirement must be above 60cm. The groundwater level is below 1m and the soil PH5.5-8.2 is between. The total salt content of the soil is less than 0.3%, and the sodium chloride is less than 0.1%. At the same time, the garden is required to have flat terrain, convenient transportation and complete functions of drainage and irrigation.
The quality of seedlings not only directly affects the survival rate after planting, but also affects the growth potential after survival. Therefore, we must choose high-quality seedlings. High quality seedlings should meet the following quality indexes: intact root system, large root quantity, more than 6 lateral roots with diameter above 2mm, length above 20cm, diameter about 1.5mm, fine roots with length of 10-20cm, seedling height of 1.2m, root neck diameter larger than 1.2cm, strong seedling, good shoot maturity, no dry branch, dry root, wrinkled skin phenomenon. In addition, the variety is required to be pure and free from diseases and insects. The grafted seedling interface healed well, and the healing area was more than 70% of the interface.
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How to improve the fruit quality of jujube
It is difficult to improve jujube fruit quality only by one or two measures, and a set of comprehensive technical measures are needed. The main results are as follows: (1) the excellent varieties must be selected in the new jujube orchard. For the existing low-yield and low-quality jujube orchards, high replacement is the fundamental measure to improve fruit quality. (2) proper amount of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizer should be applied mainly by organic fertilizer. People have paid enough attention to nitrogen fertilizer, but they don't know enough about phosphorus and potassium fertilizer. Caused by excessive nitrogen application
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Processing technology of almond series products
First, technical introduction: China is rich in almonds, most of which are exported with raw materials, and the economic benefit is very low. This project has studied the processing methods of almond series snack food, the products are fruit-flavored sugar coating, amber, and crisp flavor, 3 types of 13 products, is a good almond health series food. The Institute of Comprehensive Utilization of Agricultural products of Shanxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences adopts the self-designed method of peeling and debittering almonds to make almonds peel clean, debittering quickly and without hurting almonds; in the processing experiment of fruit-flavored sugar-coated almonds, the preheating temperature from sugar coating machine
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