Technical specification for pollution-free use of potato drugs

1. Cultivate disease-free and insect-free seedlings

The main results are as follows: (1) seed potato selection: pollution-free potato should choose potato varieties that are resistant to diseases and insect pests, disease-tolerant and disease-free. The disease-free pest-free seed field should be strictly established, and the disease-free pest-free small whole potato should be cultivated in the disease-free pest-free land. The small whole potato was hoarded for seed selection. Seed potatoes were selected strictly after coming out of the cellar, and young and strong tubers were used as seeds to eliminate potato tubers with irregular shape, rough aging of epidermis, protruding bud eyes, dim skin color and other bad characters. The quality of seed potato meets the above requirements of improved grain varieties of GB8079-1987.

(2) seed potato treatment: choose one of them according to the type of disease.

Soaking seeds in ① warm soup: seed potatoes were pre-soaked in 45 ℃ warm water for 1 minute, then immersed in 60 ℃ warm water for 15 minutes.

② seed potato blocks were soaked in 50 mg / kg copper sulfate or 5% superphosphate aqueous solution for 10 minutes, or sowed immediately after mixing the seed blocks with hay wood ash (prevention and control of ring rot and black shank).

③ soak the seeds with 40% formalin 200x solution for 5 minutes or soak the seed potatoes, then cover them with plastic sheeting for 2 hours, dry and sow the seeds (to prevent and cure powder scab and spastic scab).

Before covering the soil after sowing ④, one time can be sprayed with 200 times Bordeaux solution or 50% carbendazim wettable powder, or once cooked lime powder, 450-750 kg per hectare (control of late blight, Rhizoctonia solani, Sclerotinia sclerotiorum).

2. There are many kinds of integrated control of potato diseases and insect pests after sowing, among which late blight in the north and virus diseases in the south, as well as potato ladybugs and tuber moths are the most serious. Comprehensive control measures should be taken in pollution-free potato production.

Agricultural prevention and control measures:

① established the improved variety system and breeding base of disease-free cassava. Virus-free, pathogen-free and pest-free seed potatoes were provided by means of selection, virus-free seedlings and seedlings. Self-propagation can be used as seed potato (anti-virus disease, late blight, powder scab, etc.).

② strictly implements the quarantine system and may not transplant seeds from epidemic areas. Select seed potatoes or disinfect them before sowing. Whole potato sowing in ring rot areas (prevention of powdery scab, scab, ring rot, late blight and other potato-borne diseases).

③ implements 3-year rotation with non-Solanaceae vegetables (preventing a variety of potato tuber diseases). ④ selected resistant varieties according to the main diseases and insect pests in this area.

⑤ popularized formula fertilization to enhance plant disease resistance (resistance to late blight and early blight).

⑥ adopts high border or high ridge cultivation, timely cultivate soil, strengthen ventilation, and strictly prevent flood irrigation (prevention of late epidemic, early epidemic, powder scab, etc.).

⑦ artificial hunting and killing of pests: large-scale control of aphids at seedling stage and timely treatment of residual plants of diseases and pests (prevention of virus diseases and other diseases and insect pests). The harvest of ⑧ should be carried out in sunny and dry weather. Clean up the diseased potatoes and lumps in the field in time after harvest and take them out of the field for destruction (to prevent all diseases and insect pests).

Diseased and injured potatoes were removed before ⑨ storage. Deal with potato pieces harvested in disease and insect fields as soon as possible (to prevent all diseases and insect pests).