High-yield cultivation measures of Potato seedlings and transplanting in hotbed

The "plastic hotbed seedling transplanting potato high yield cultivation measures" are adopted. The general plant yield is 1.8kg, the highest is 3kg, and the yield per mu is 5000-7000 kg. The specific measures are as follows:

I. selection and treatment of seed potatoes

Select potato shape, disease and insect pest-free, non-frozen sweet potato as seeds. The seed potato came out of the cellar on March 10-13 and placed on the ground at room temperature in the greenhouse for 6-9 days in spring. When the bud eye appeared white spots, the seedling pieces were cut. Each piece of potato weighs about 30 grams, generally 36-40 pieces per kilogram of seed potato. Potato pieces should be sunny for 1-2 days from 10: 00 p.m. to 2: 00 p.m., then soak in 2% Mustang 3% raw lime water for 5-10 minutes. The potato pieces should be placed indoors to promote sprouting, with a thickness of 3 potato pieces. When cutting, remove the gray potato meat or diseased potatoes with yellow powder circles and gray-black circles. When you see a small white bulge in the bud eye of the seed potato, go into bed to raise seedlings.

Second, build a nursery bed

On the day of cutting seed potatoes, choose sandy soil that is leeward to the sun, high and dry, good drainage and convenient management. When making a bed, first dig the whole bed 6cm deep topsoil on one side, then dig the bed length 1x2 subsoil up to 30cm deep, put the soil on the north side of the bed, block the wind and heat up, dig up and spread out the remaining 1ram 2 bed subsoil city bed, and then return the topsoil to the bed. Dry the bed for 1-2 days. Then use strips of wood or bamboo to support the arch on the bed, 30-36 cm high, covered with plastic film to continue to raise the temperature.

Third, raising seedlings to promote budding

The bed is covered with 2-3 cm thick fine river sand. If there is not enough water, spray sun water or warm water. Then put the seed potato pieces with the sprouts facing up. It is best to put it in a single layer, such as more seed potato pieces, which can be placed in the shape of "product", that is, two layers, and the upper potato pieces are placed between the lower potato blocks. The potato pieces are then covered with 6-8 cm thick fine river sand, strict plastic film, tightly pressed all around, and know how to cover straw curtains or sacks on the plastic film to keep warm and prevent freezing. On a sunny day, the mulch can be removed from 8 a.m. to 3 p.m., and daylighting will increase the country. If the moisture in the main file is on the low side, Qing will uncover the film at noon to supply warm water. The suitable temperature of seedling bed is 14-18 ℃. The maximum should not exceed 25 ℃, and if it exceeds 30 ℃, it should be ventilated and cooled down. Check the sprouting of potato pieces after 20-25 days, such as 35-40 mm long buds, cracks on the surface of the bed, and a green spot on the zenith buds. At this time, land preparation should be carried out in the field. If the weather is still cold, you can uncover the night cover. If the temperature reaches 14-18 ℃ at noon, there is no need to guard against cold at night. If there is light frost, only plastic film can be pressed to prevent night frost. It can be transplanted to the field in 5-7 days.

IV. Land preparation and transplanting

Transplant the plot to be meticulous, ridging 60 centimeters wide. 3000 kg of chamber fertilizer should be mixed with 1 / 3 of chicken manure and phosphorus and potassium fertilizer in the spring, which can obviously increase the yield, prevent the potato from flourishing and prolong the ripening period. Transplant the best Ching Ming Festival within 10-15 days, 7-10:00, 2-6 p.m. The buds of potato tubers are 3-4 cm long, planed and transplanted, with a distance of 40-50 cm. First apply diammonium phosphate 30-50 grams, cover soil and fertilizer, then put potato pieces, bud tip up, and then cover 6 cm of soil. When we take the buds in the seedbed, we should use both sides to insert the potato pieces up and down, which not only does not hurt the roots, but also facilitates the selection of qualified buds for transplanting.

V. Field management

When the potato plant is 20 cm high, hoe once on the ridge, then dig once in the furrow, and then use the plough again. But planing, wading should not be too deep, let alone break, bruise, soil buried stems and leaves. In the management, it is necessary to look at seedling topdressing, farm manure early and chemical fertilizer at the right time. The agricultural fertilizer is mainly fermented human feces and urine, and the effect of application is the best before the formation of the bud, the first inflorescence sees the flower, and when the leaves turn light, 0.3% urea is used to sell the back of the plant, buckle for 2-3 days, and ammonium bicarbonate is applied in the planing pit between the plants. In the middle of May, the root was sprayed with 500x dichlorvos solution to control night larvae, and in the middle and latter ten days of the month, alternately spraying 500x dichlorvos solution and 1000 times dimethoate solution was used to control lady beetles, and the effect of spraying was the best in sunny day and evening. At the end of July and the beginning of August, the stems and leaves were harvested when they changed from green to yellow.