The latest Rice breeding techniques in the World

Study on breeding of Salt-tolerant Rice

The purpose of this study is as follows: 1. To make the new salt-tolerant rice adapt to the cultivation of saline-alkali soil. 2. In the case of shortage of fresh water, seawater can be fully utilized for irrigation. Salt-tolerant crops such as tomato, melon and barley have been reported abroad. Salt-tolerant rice cultivated by the University of Sussex in the UK can grow vigorously in the field, but we must see the complexity of regulating salt content in the field. The genetic engineering research of salt-tolerant rice is very active in the UK. Researchers use salt-tolerant rice genes into rice to cultivate salt-tolerant rice, which can absorb a small amount of salt and can be stored in cells without affecting crop growth. It is expected that it will take eight generations of reproduction (that is, eight harvest periods) before the seeds can be used for commercial application. On the one hand, this kind of "engineering rice" can be used in the abandoned saline-alkali land, on the other hand, it can gradually absorb the saline-alkali components in the soil, thus improving the soil.

Study on disaster-resistant Rice breeding

Waterlogging and wind disasters are a threat to rice production. Gratifying progress has been made in basic research or applied research in order to prevent waterlogging, wind disasters and weeds from harming rice crops. The staff of the International Rice Research Institute found a flood-tolerant gene from low-yield flood-tolerant rice, transferred it into high-yielding tropical rice, and finally developed a flood-tolerant rice line, whose yield was higher than that of high-yielding tropical rice. The "engineering rice" can survive under submergence, during which the weeds in the field are drowned. The institute has also developed another new waterlogging-tolerant rice variety, which is likely to increase the yield of rice by three to four times that of existing rice in Thailand.

Study on improving Rice quality

In the mid-1980s, transgenic plants of high-protein corn were successfully cultivated in the United States, with a protein content of 40% to 45%, which is comparable to that of soybeans. At the same time, new rice products with 10% higher protein content and higher lysine content than ordinary rice have been developed. In China, in order to improve rice quality, researchers of Hunan normal University introduced wild oat DNA into rice and bred a new variety "wheat-rice". After years of cultivation, this variety has the characteristics of high yield, excellent rice quality, appropriate ripening period and moderate plant and leaf type. after seed expansion in Hunan, the new rice seed is in short supply. In order to make rice have better health and food therapy, an applied plant company in California used genetic engineering technology to construct a kind of rice that can produce human protein for the first time, that is, rice contains an anti-trypsin human protein. This enzyme protein can be used to treat bleeding caused by liver disease, and the harvested "engineering rice" seeds can germinate and continue to reproduce and expand reproduction. This kind of seed derived from "engineering rice" is called "functional rice", which opens up the most economical way for health food therapy as a staple food.