Practical techniques for healthy culture of grass shrimp

Grass shrimp, scientific name Penaeus Monodon, also known as black shell shrimp, belongs to the family Penaeus vannamei. Because the shrimp likes to inhabit aquatic plants, it is called grass shrimp. Grass shrimp has the characteristics of fast growth, miscellaneous diet, wide salinity, short culture cycle, large individual, delicious meat, rich nutrition, high yield of adult shrimp and so on. Therefore, the shrimp has become an important object of current culture. The healthy breeding techniques are introduced as follows:

1 shrimp ponds

1.1 Pool selection

Ponds should be built in areas with flat terrain, less silt, sufficient water source, good water quality, no pollution and convenient access and drainage. It is suitable for sediment bottom with an area of 5 mu and a water depth of 2 m. Each pond is equipped with 2 2.2kW aerators. The old pond should remove the sludge and weeds or plough and expose the bottom of the pond.

1.2 Pond cleaning and disinfection

The pond enters the 15~20cm bubble pond 20 days before seedling release, and the pond cleaning agent is sprinkled throughout the pond to kill enemy microorganisms. For some newly excavated ponds and some aging ponds with poor water exchange capacity, in order to prevent the explosive reproduction of harmful algae in the middle and later stages of culture, attention should be paid to the use of algaecide in advance, such as algal king, Fucaojing and other drugs to kill harmful algae at the bottom of the pond.

1.3 influent purification, adjust salinity

After cleaning and disinfection, the shrimp ponds were filled with water. When receiving water, it needs to be filtered by 60-80 mesh sieve to prevent the entry of harmful organisms. After entering the water 80~100cm, the water body is disinfected and the virus in the water body is killed with strong bacteriocin and other drugs. At the same time, the sprayer was used to disinfect the pond bank, and the drug concentration was appropriately increased. The salinity of the pond should be consistent with the desalination salinity of shrimp seedlings in the nursery.

1.4 Fertilizer and water

The use of shrimp Terry has a comprehensive effect. As soon as the shrimp Terry was put into the pond, the diatoms were cultured in 2 or 3 days. After cultivating the basic biological bait, the water quality meets the following requirements before releasing seedlings.

1.4.1 the color of the pool water has become yellowish brown or tea brown or yellowish green, and the transparency is about 25cm.

1.4.2 the microorganism density was observed by microscope and the water quality indexes were detected by water quality analysis box. After meeting the requirements, seedlings were released.

.5 set up an aerator

The impeller aerator has the best effect, which is set in the deep water of the pool. Within one month, start the machine at noon and before dawn every day for 2-3 hours each time. A month later, it starts at noon and before dawn every day, 3 hours at noon, and about 10 hours before dawn. Increase the start-up time and times on rainy days. In the later stage of breeding, the whole day will be turned on for not less than 20 hours.

2 Shrimp fry

2.1 selection of shrimp seedlings

2.1.1 principles to be grasped in the selection and purchase of grass shrimp seedlings

① chooses and buys highly healthy shrimp fry (HHS) or shrimp fry without virus monitored by shrimp disease testing center.

② does not use high temperature vaccines and vaccines raised by abuse of antibiotics.

2.1.2 Shrimp seedlings should be uniform. The body length of the same batch of shrimp seedlings should be 1.0~1.2cm, the body surface is clean and dynamic, and the long abdominal segment is a good one.

2.1.3 the two small tentacles at the front end of healthy shrimp seedlings are close together, occasionally separated, but can be closed immediately, those who can not be closed from ear to ear are poor shrimp fry. The tail fan of healthy shrimp seedlings is open.

2.1.4 healthy shrimp seedlings have the behavior of "sticking to the wall". If you scoop up the shrimp seedlings with a spoon, the strong ones will quickly swim to the spoon side and stay close to the spoon wall. If you swim in the water, it is an unhealthy shrimp fry.

2.1.5 Shrimp seedlings with a body length of about 1cm were taken out from the nursery pond, embedded in wet towels for 5 minutes, and then put back into the raw water.

2.2 stocking of shrimp fry

2.2.1 the water body must be disinfected before releasing seedlings, so that the water environment of shrimp seedlings in the nursery and the water environment of the culture pond are all within the safe range. In addition, pay attention to the water test before stocking, after 1-2 days of water test, the survival rate of shrimp seedlings in the pond water environment has no effect on batch release.

2.2.2 points for attention in releasing seedlings:

① seedlings should be placed on the sheltered side of the shrimp pond. Do not plant seedlings in the wind or in shallow water.

② does not plant seedlings in bad weather. Seedlings should be planted from 8 to 9 o'clock in the morning on a sunny day or when the sun goes down in the afternoon, not at noon.

Don't rush to release seedlings until ③ clears the pond thoroughly.

Do not release seedlings in ④ shrimp ponds with bad water color and poor water quality.

2.3 stocking density

The seedling density should be between 8000 and 12000 tails / mu, and the seedling amount can be increased or decreased according to the actual situation because of the different conditions of each pond.

(3) nurturance period management

"@ # @ 234 farming @ is to raise water" has become the experience of the majority of shrimp farmers. Maintain good water quality to facilitate shrimp feeding and promote shrimp molting growth.

3.1 Water quality

The optimum range of water quality in prawn culture ponds is shown in the table below.

Determine the scope of poor adaptation of the project

PH 8 / 9 / 7 / 5 or above

Dissolved oxygen (7 × 10) × 10-6 × 10-6 or less or 12 × 10-6

Salinity below 0.015-0.025 0.010 or above 0.035

Nonionic ammonia (NH3-N) (0.1-0.5) × 10-6 0.6 × 10-6 or more

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