Discussion on High Fever Blight in Pig in Summer and Autumn

Summer and autumn season for the industry can be from May to early November every year, as long as half a year, due to many reasons during this period of common pig disease. According to rough statistics, the incidence of pig disease in summer and autumn accounts for about 70% of the whole year. During this period, the remarkable characteristic of swine disease is that it is mainly characterized by high fever in clinic, and most of the body temperature rises to more than 41 ℃. The common high fever diseases are classical swine fever, porcine erysipelas, porcine lung disease, piglet paratyphoid, porcine septicemic streptococcosis, porcine influenza, porcine infectious pleuropneumonia, porcine toxoplasmosis, porcine eperythrozoonosis and so on. In recent years, the epidemic characteristics of high fever diseases in pigs in summer and autumn often occur first in clinical practice, and then complicate or secondary to one or two other diseases, resulting in inaccurate diagnosis and delayed treatment, resulting in a great increase in mortality and elimination rate, and the formation of a cross-regional pandemic, which makes grass-roots veterinary stations fall into confusion in clinical diagnosis and treatment, and more importantly, cause serious losses to the pig industry in a region. It seriously dampens the enthusiasm of farmers to raise pigs, which leads to agricultural efficiency, hinders the increase of farmers' income, and even affects the stability and unity of rural areas. From July to August 2006, the statistics of high fever in pigs were carried out in our city, and the epidemiology, morbidity, death rate and transmission factors of the infected pigs were analyzed.

1 Epidemiological investigation and analysis of high fever diseases in pigs in summer and autumn

1.1 investigation and analysis of the factors causing the disease: mainly including natural factors, human factors, market environment factors, grass-roots veterinary system factors, and many factors intertwined to increase the difficulty of epidemic prevention and extermination. the incidence and death rate have greatly increased.

1.2 investigation and analysis of the manifestations of the disease: in most of the high fever diseases of pigs in summer and autumn, there are effective vaccines to prevent, such as classical swine fever, porcine erysipelas, porcine pulmonary disease, porcine septicemic streptococcosis, piglet paratyphoid, etc., the quality of the vaccine passed, the immune procedure was clear, and the disease was mainly due to missed prevention and failure to follow the procedure. The other four diseases are mostly caused or secondary due to poor feeding and management, no sanitary disinfection and so on. The manifestation of the disease in most areas is that one disease occurs first and then one or two diseases are secondary or concurrent, which leads to the complication of the disease and the difficulty of diagnosis and treatment.

1.3 investigation and analysis on the epidemic area of pig epidemic: the high fever disease of pig in summer and autumn has formed a cross-regional epidemic. Since the summer and autumn of 2001, the high fever disease of pigs has swept across the whole country, and almost no one in the country has been spared. Its wide epidemic area, serious harm and great losses to the pig industry are unprecedented since the founding of the people's Republic of China. Among them, the epidemic situation in urban-rural fringe areas (suburbs) is more serious than that in rural areas, scattered households (thousands of households) are heavier than large-scale households, and scale households are heavier than intensive pig farms.

1.4 investigation and analysis on the age, sex and breed of infected pigs: there was no significant difference in age, sex and breed between high febrile diseases and pigs in summer and autumn, but in most cases, the incidence of suckling pigs was less. however, the susceptibility of old sows, shelf pigs and weaned young pigs are basically the same under the same feeding management and the same environmental conditions. However, there are still differences in susceptibility to some specific diseases under the same circumstances.

2 Analysis of the incidence and death rate of high fever diseases in pigs in summer and autumn.

2.1 according to the investigation of high fever diseases of pigs in summer and autumn in this area over the past 10 years, under normal circumstances, the average annual total incidence of pigs is 13%, while the incidence in summer and autumn accounts for about 70% of the total incidence of the year. However, in recent years, the disease is serious in summer and autumn, and there are great changes. For example, in the summer and autumn of 2001, the total number of high fever diseases mainly caused by swine flu reached more than 3 million in Anhui Province, with an incidence of 16%, with an average of about 15% in Jiangsu Province. on the other hand, in the vast pig producing areas of central and northern Jiangsu, the incidence rate is more than 18%, and in some areas as high as 20%. From July 29 to August 31, 2006, the incidence of high fever in pigs in our city was 11935, accounting for 2.7% of the total number of pigs. 893 pigs died and the mortality rate was 7.8%.

2.2 as farmers are generally reluctant to spend too much money on treatment of fattening pigs above 50kg, if they are not cured for several days, they will sell the diseased pigs to individual butchers for slaughter at a low price. As a result, the cure rate is very low and the elimination rate is very high, and even the sum of mortality and elimination rates in some areas is close to the incidence, resulting in heavy losses for pig farmers.

3Analysis of transmission factors of high fever diseases in pigs in summer and autumn.

3.1 the summer and autumn seasons include more than two seasons, such as the turn of spring and summer, the turn of summer and autumn, and even the turn of autumn and winter. At the turn of seasons, the weather often changes violently, uneven hot and cold, hot heat, cold wind, rainstorm, etc., coupled with the way farmers raise pigs, simple, low and narrow, dark and humid, not often cleaned, and the bites of blood-sucking insects in summer, can lead to a decline in pig resistance, leading to the disease.

3.2 the summer and autumn seasons include the two heaviest busy seasons in rural areas, namely, summer harvest and autumn harvest. In the busy season, farmers take great care of the farmland, often relax the feeding and management of pigs, resulting in uneven hunger and satiety of pigs, and even forget to give pigs vaccination during epidemic prevention, resulting in disease.

3.3 leakage prevention problems: such as leakage prevention of old sows, shelf pigs and untimely epidemic prevention of weaned piglets have become the main factors for the occurrence and epidemic of some epidemic diseases in summer and autumn.

4 syndrome differentiation and treatment of high fever diseases in pigs in summer and autumn

4.1 to improve the professional quality of grass-roots veterinary personnel. To enable grass-roots veterinarians to master the methods of diagnosis and prevention of common and multiple pig diseases, so that their ability of differential diagnosis and prevention of pig diseases can reach the due level.

4.2 make effective treatment plan. Determine the principles of treatment, determine the nature of the epidemic disease (bacterial disease, viral disease or parasitic disease) according to the diagnosis as far as possible, and formulate treatment plans, isolation plans, emergency preventive injection programs, disinfection measures, etc., according to vaccines, antiserums, special therapeutic drugs, etc. available locally or on hand, and immediately organize and implement them.

4.3 pay attention to the pilot project of dialectical treatment and popularize it in time. Dialectical treatment focuses on the combination of symptomatic and permanent treatment, the combination of traditional Chinese and western medicine, the combination of antiviral drugs and antimicrobials, oral drugs and injection drugs, tonics and laxatives, detoxification of the body and regulation of gastrointestinal function. These dialectical treatment methods have achieved remarkable results in grass-roots veterinarians.