Six measures to make soybean high yield and high efficiency

The combination of superior seed and good method. While planting existing high-yield and high-quality soybean varieties in the project area, new and excellent varieties such as Jidou 12, Handou 3, Ji Huang 13 and Japanese high-oil soybeans were introduced by means of introduction, demonstration and popularization according to local conditions. as a result, the coverage rate of superior varieties in the soybean project area has reached 100%, laying the foundation for the matching of superior varieties and good methods.

Seed dressing with molybdenum fertilizer can improve the seed setting rate. In high soybean producing areas, 3 grams of ammonium molybdate and water were diluted into 2% solution and 1 kg soybean seeds per mu. According to the multi-point experiment, the plant height of soybean mixed with molybdenum fertilizer was 83.9 cm, which was 6.3 cm higher than that of the control, 3.5 effective branches and 0.8 more effective branches than the control, which promoted the vegetative growth and effectively ensured the nutritional supply of soybean. and can significantly prolong the reproductive time of soybean, so that the flowering and pod filling period of soybean is 3-5 days ahead of schedule, and the yield is 27.5 kg higher than that of the control, and the increase is about 15%.

Promote narrow row close planting. The production practice in the past two years shows that in a certain range, the soybean yield increases with the increase of density. Taking Handou 3 as an example, when the planting density is 20000-28000 plants, the number of pods per mu increases with the increase of density, and the yield increases obviously. The average yield per mu increased by 6.4 to 32.1 kg, the highest was 28000 plants, and the yield per mu reached 232kg. In the main producing areas of high quality soybean, the cultivation techniques of narrow row and close planting of soybean were mainly popularized, with a plant spacing of 8 cm, a row spacing of 32 cm and an average density of about 25000 plants, which gave full play to the advantages of population and yield increase and realized the high yield of soybean.

Scientific operation of fertilizer and water to achieve a balanced supply of nutrition. In order to increase the input of fertilizer and optimize the fertilization method, we should master the application of farm manure, nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizer and potassium micro-fertilizer in principle. In the main soybean producing areas of our city, the average application of farm manure, diammonium and urea is 5500 kg / mu, 20kg / mu, 7.5kg / mu and 9.3kg / mu in the early flowering stage. When sown with iron stubble of summer soybean, 25 kg of superphosphate was applied in trench at seedling stage, 35 kg of ammonium bicarbonate or 10 kg of urea per mu at early flowering stage. Foliar fertilizer was sprayed with 0.3% potassium dihydrogen phosphate solution for 1 and 2 times during podding period.

Balanced formula fertilization is very important to soybean yield. for the plots without seed dressing with molybdenum fertilizer, spraying 25g ammonium molybdate on 25kg / mu of water at the early flowering stage can significantly increase the yield of soybean by 21.7 kg / mu.

During the growth period of soybean, water for raising seedlings, flowering stage and filling stage should be well watered. Pay attention to the use of flowering and podding water. During this period, the soil should be kept moist and flood irrigation should be avoided to prevent soil consolidation or root rot.

Timely chemical control and anti-collapse. Three to four days before sowing, 40% Acetochlor EC was used to seal the soil with 40% Acetochlor EC 100ml / mu and 50kg water to control the occurrence of weeds in the seedling stage. From early flowering to full flowering, 15% paclobutrazol powder was sprayed evenly with 40 grams of 50 grams of water and 30 kilograms of water.

Prevention and control of diseases and insect pests throughout the process. 10% imidacloprid was used to control aphids at seedling stage, 10% imidacloprid was used to control aphids, 10% imidacloprid was used to control aphids at seedling stage, 10% imidacloprid was used to control aphids at seedling stage, 10% imidacloprid was used to control aphids at seedling stage, 10% imidacloprid was sprayed with 3000 times of imidacloprid, bean pod moth, heart borer and cotton bollworm at flowering stage, 20 times of fenvalerate or deltamethrin was sprayed with 2000 times of fenpropathrin or deltamethrin.