Planting technique of Angelica sinensis

[alias] Qin Gui, Yungui, Xidanggui, Min Angelica, etc.

[families and genera] belong to umbrella-shaped plants.

[growth habits] Sex likes the cool and humid environment, and grows well in the natural environment with high air humidity and high altitude of 1500m to 3000m. It is better to use sandy loam or humus loam with slightly acidic to neutral, deep soil layer, loose and fertile soil and good drainage. Avoid continuous cropping.

Perennial herbs. The height of the plant is 50cm and 100cm. The main root is enlarged, fleshy, fragrant, slightly cylindrical, yellow or khaki epidermis, white flour, with chrysanthemum pattern. Stem erect, slightly purplish. Leaves alternate, base enlarged as sheath-shaped stem, purple-brown. The basal leaves and the lower leaves of the stem are 2-3 odd-pinnately compound, with a dentate notch or coarsely serrate margin. Compound umbel, terminal, with 12-36 florets per 1 umbellule, white; double hanging fruit, flattened, winged, long oval, yellow when ripe. The flowering period is 6-7 months and the fruiting period is 8-9 months.

[reproduction] use seeds to reproduce. Raise seedlings and transplant.

1. Raising seedlings: select leeward, shady hillside or wasteland in the nursery land, turn over the land in late May, turn the burned weeds and shrub ash into the soil, and then rake flat to make a high border, 1.2 meters wide. Sow the seeds from the first ten days of June to the last ten days of June. Soak the seeds in warm water of 30 ℃ for 24 hours before sowing. After drying, cover the seeds tightly and cover them with weeds. The sowing amount is 4-5 kg per mu. The seedlings emerge about half a month after sowing, and the cover grass will be loosened at this time to prevent the seedlings from being hurt when uncovering the grass. Uncover the grass at the beginning of August. Weeds should be removed to keep weeds free in the field. Combined with weeding seedlings, it is appropriate to remove the weak and stay strong, and the distance between plants should be about 1 cm.

two。 Digging seedlings for storage: in early October, the seedlings were dug up by roots and tied into small handfuls, and planted in a cool house without fire, and planted in a layer of loess in the house; outdoor cellar, select a cool and dry place, digging cellar depth and width of 1 meter each, depending on the number of plants, stacked with a layer of loess with a layer of planting, and the top of the cellar covered with about 30 cm of soil, above the ground.

3. Transplanting: cultivated land, select fallow land with deep soil layer or second wasteland, cut down weeds and shrubs, turn 25 cm deep, apply barnyard manure 3000 kg per mu, turn into soil species, fine leveling, and make a high border 1.2m wide. After transplanting in April, the laminated seedlings were taken out, according to the row spacing of 33 cm × 23 cm, hole depth of 20 cm, triangular planting, 2-3 seedlings per hole, filling and compaction.

[field management] transplanting seedlings loosen the soil and weed 3-4 times a year, for the first time when the seedling height is 3-5 cm. After weeding, topdressing was applied for the first time 1500-2500 kg of human and animal manure per mu, and 2500-3000 kg of rotten stable compost, compost and ashes per mu for the second and third times. Bolting seedlings should be removed in time and watered during drought, but watering is prohibited in the later stage so as not to cause rotten roots.

[pest control] the main diseases were root rot, the root tips and young roots of the damaged plants showed water stains, then yellowed and fell off, and the main roots rotted yellowish yellow. At the initial stage of the disease, dig out the diseased plants, disinfect the disease points with lime, or irrigate the disease area with 50% carbendazim 500 times solution. The main pest, the yellow butterfly, eats the leaves into scars or leaves only petioles. Spray with 800 times of 90% dipterex once a week for 2-3 times in a row.

It can be divided into two ways: seedling transplanting and direct seeding.

[harvesting and processing]

1. Harvest

Angelica sinensis for seedling cultivation and transplanting should be dug when the local plants are withered and yellow in late October, and those for direct seeding in autumn should be dug when they are withered and yellow in the second year. The time of excavation should not be too early or too late. The nutrient accumulation of premature root meat is insufficient, the root strip is not full, the yield is low and the quality is poor. Because the temperature drops too late and the soil freezes, it is easy to break the roots when digging. About half a month before digging, cut off the leaves on the ground and expose them to the sun to speed up the ripening of the roots. When digging, dig up the whole root carefully and shake off the soil.

2. Processing method

The root of Angelica sinensis will be dug up in the future, the diseased root will be removed, the residual petiole will be peeled off, and the root will be dried in the ventilation room or under the eaves. After the root is soft, it will be processed into small handfuls according to the size of the specification. The method is to choose a dry and ventilated room or a special smoke shed, which is equipped with a wooden frame with a height of 130 and 170 centimeters, covered with bamboo curtains, pile Angelica sinensis on top, put it flat on 3 floors, and then stand 1 layer on it, 30 thick. 50cm; it can also be tied into small handfuls and loaded into rectangular bamboo baskets, and then the bamboo baskets are placed neatly on the wooden frame to facilitate the operation of the upper shed and the lower shed. Use wet branches or wet grass as fuel, wet with water, smoke from burning Angelica sinensis, so that Angelica root color; avoid open fire, about a few days later, when the root surface is golden yellow or brown, and then switch to coal or firewood to dry, the indoor temperature is controlled above 35 ℃, below 70 ℃, after 8-20 days when the total dryness reaches 70%-80%, you can cease fire and wait for it to dry. Angelica sinensis should not be dried in the shade, the texture of the dried Angelica sinensis is light and the flesh is blue, and it is not suitable to dry in the sun and bake or barbecue in the pit or fire, otherwise, it is easy to wither and hard, the skin color turns red, loses the oiliness and reduces the quality.

Angelica sinensis can generally produce 300 kg of dry goods per 667 square meters, and the high yield can reach 400 kg.

[yield and quality]

1. The yield is generally about 300 kg per mu of dry products, and can reach 400 kg at high yield.

two。 The quality of the main root is stout and oily, the outer skin is yellow and brown, the cross section is yellow and white, and the aroma is strong.