How to prevent mushroom maggots
Gall flies, mushroom flies, dung flies are very similar in shape and living habits, so they are often mistaken for only one kind, all called "fungus flies".
Maggots (larvae) will eat the fruiting body and turn mushrooms into waste products, some of which endanger the hyphae. Mushrooms eaten by maggots are sometimes difficult to find in appearance, but they have a great impact on the quality of cans.
Maggots mainly come from cow dung or pig manure. In the process of collecting cow dung and pig manure in summer and autumn, flies fly on it to lay eggs. When these materials are fermented, the eggs are not all killed, so they are brought into the mushroom room along with the culture material. The prevention and control methods are introduced as follows:
1. When there is no long fruiting body on the mushroom bed, spraying trichlorfon with 1000 times liquid can kill adults and larvae exposed to the surface of the soil. Spray every 2 days for 4 times in a row.
2. Adults have phototaxis and can be trapped and killed by black light.
3. When stacking the culture material, raise the stack temperature as much as possible, and spray 150-200 times dichlorvos solution while turning the material. After rebuilding the pile, cover it tightly with plastic film and open it after 2 days of fumigation, which can kill most of the worm bodies and eggs in the pile.
4. Some soil pesticides, such as tobacco stalks, tomato stems and leaves, eucalyptus leaves, neem leaves, Artemisia annua, castor leaves, etc., can be mixed into composting materials, which can kill larvae or reduce the birth of larvae.
5. Bacillus thuringiensis, Bacillus thuringiensis, Beauveria bassiana and so on have good effect on the control of young flies. Bacillus has a strong pathogenicity to flies, killing larvae and pupae, but harmless to human beings and animals. When livestock eat feed with bacillus, the feces are also infected with bacteria, so fly larvae can not be born.
6. The culture material must be "secondary fermentation".
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How to control common diseases and insect pests of mushrooms in greenhouse
The main diseases of mushrooms in greenhouse are: ① "white rot", also known as brown rot and verrucosporium, is the most common and serious fungal disease in greenhouse mushroom. ② "ghost umbrella seedling" is also known as wild mushroom. The main pests are mushroom flies, mosquitoes, nematodes, mites and so on. How to control these diseases and insect pests? through several years of practice, we have summed up the following experiences for your reference: first, it is not easy for self-rot to completely eliminate this fungus. But we can start with the word "defense", that is,
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Early spring to promote spring mushrooms
After the Beginning of Spring, the temperature gradually picked up, if the mushroom bed which had been continuously produced last autumn was managed simply and skillfully, it could easily give birth to a season of spring mushrooms. The specific methods are as follows: 1. Loose material to make up the soil. When the temperature rises to 10 ℃, loosen the material and replenish the soil in time. This not only helps to eliminate the waste gas from the culture material, but also helps to promote the fracture of old mycelium, promote the growth of new mycelium, form a strong mycelium, and lay a foundation for improving the yield of spring mushroom. The loose material is divided into big pine, medium pine and small pine, which should be based on the actual situation of the culture material in the bacterial bed.
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