How to control common diseases and insect pests of mushrooms in greenhouse

The main diseases of mushrooms in greenhouses are:

White rot, also known as brown rot and verrucous mildew, is the most common and serious fungal disease in greenhouse mushroom diseases.

2 "Umbrella seedlings" also known as wild mushrooms. The main pests are mushroom flies, mosquitoes, nematodes, mites and so on. How to control these pests? Through years of practice, we have summarized the following experiences for your reference:

I. Self-rot

It is not easy to eradicate this fungus completely. However, we can start with the word "prevention", that is, to eliminate the disease as soon as possible before it occurs. Need to:

1. When the culture material is fermented in the mushroom house for the second time, it is treated by steam method. The specific method is: pasteurize, keep the temperature at about 60℃, and last for 6 - 10 hours.

2. Disinfect with formalin (2 kg/m3) when covering the soil, and spray the bed surface and surrounding environment evenly with high-efficiency disinfectant (500 times-1000 times) or carbendazim (500 times-1000 times) when adjusting the water volume after covering the soil.

3. Once this disease is found, first, immediately stop watering, increase ventilation, and reduce the temperature and humidity of the mushroom house. Second, immediately dig up the diseased mushrooms, mycelium blocks and surrounding soil, and sprinkle lime to destroy them in a centralized manner to prevent re-infection. Third, after replacing with new soil, formalin, high-performance fungicides or carbendazim pesticides are evenly sprayed on the primary disease site. Use the same concentration or double it. In severe cases, fumigate the mushroom room with formalin (10 ml/m3) or aerosol disinfection box (2 g/m3 - 4 g/m3) for 1 hour, ventilate for 2 days-3 days, and spray after the bed surface is dry.

II. Coprinus saplings

This bacteria is mainly produced in cultures that are too hot. Therefore, when stacking the culture medium, first select the raw materials without mildew, and adjust the carbon and nitrogen ratio to avoid excessive nitrogen content. When the free nitrogen content is too high, it should be treated with formaldehyde; secondly, remember not to make the material temperature too high in the bacteria stage to avoid the generation of bacteria. If the fungus bed has appeared coprinus, it should be removed immediately, and then ventilated to cool down. After the room temperature drops, the bacteria will disappear by themselves.

III. Mushroom flies and mosquitoes

Mushroom flies and mosquitoes mainly come from the culture medium, and the manure in the surrounding environment is also their habitat. Therefore, as long as attention is paid to environmental sanitation and fermentation and disinfection of the culture medium, their occurrence can be prevented. The harm can be prevented by spraying 1000 times solution of chrysanthemum ester or 1000 times solution of enemy kill.

IV. Nematodes

Nematodes mainly inhabit soil and enter mushroom houses with soil cover. Pasteurization of the culture medium can effectively kill nematodes. When nematodes occur lightly, 50 times of dimehypo emulsion or 500 times of marathon emulsion can be sprayed on the surface of mushroom house. When nematodes occur seriously, aluminum phosphide fumigation is better.

V. Mites

Mites mainly lurk in manure and can invade mushroom houses with culture materials, so pasteurization of culture materials can effectively control their occurrence. In addition, dicofol is mixed with the material when stacking or 1000 times of solution of chrysanthemum ester and 1000 times of solution of dichlorvos are sprayed on the bed surface. Severe phosphorus fumigation treatment can be used.