The importance of jujube flower and fruit management

Jujube tree is a multi-flower tree species, flower differentiation is very large, but affected by tree body and environmental conditions, flower and fruit drop phenomenon is very serious, fruit harvest rate is generally only 1-2% of the number of buds. There are many reasons for jujube flower and fruit dropping. First of all, we can see from the phenological period of jujube that the bud period of jujube is the rapid growth period of jujube hanging and the vigorous growth period of jujube head. The phenological period overlaps and the nutrition competition is very intense. At the beginning of flowering, jujube head is still in vigorous growth stage, at this time jujube hanging growth gradually slowed down. In the same period, several organs of jujube trees are vigorous growth activities, nutrition competition is very intense.

Jujube from germination to fruiting this period of time, the main consumption is the tree stored nutrients, that is, the previous year and stored in the branches, stems, roots of nutrients. So we say that malnutrition is one of the main reasons for poor differentiation and even abortion of flower buds.

The bad condition of the external environment is another main reason for the serious flower and fruit drop of jujube trees. In northern jujube producing areas, flowering is generally in early June. In general years, this time is still in the dry season, during this period of time rainfall is very small, air humidity is very low, thus reducing the pollen germination rate of jujube flowers, resulting in poor fertilization, resulting in low fruit setting rate. At the same time, this period is the period when dry hot wind prevails in most parts of the north. Often lead to a large number of jujube flower water loss and appear "scorched flower" phenomenon, greatly reducing the fruit set rate. In addition, jujube flowering in case of continuous rainy weather, due to rain soaking flower time is too long, can make pollen grain water absorption crack, greatly reduce pollen vitality, affect pollination. At the same time, continuous rain will make the temperature too low, which will also affect insect pollination. However, the weather of light rain or sunny in flowering stage is beneficial to flowering and fruiting of jujube, which can significantly improve the fruiting rate of jujube.

In addition, due to some reason, jujube often appears before the harvest period, often bringing certain economic losses to production. In addition, if there is a large amount of rainfall in the later stage, there will often be fruit cracking phenomenon, and it is easy to cause rotten fruit after fruit cracking, so it often causes greater economic losses.

To sum up, to achieve higher fruit yield and higher fruit quality. It is necessary to strengthen the management of fruit and flower in jujube production, improve the fruit setting rate as much as possible, and take certain technical measures to minimize the occurrence of fruit drop before harvest and fruit cracking in late stage.