Cultivation techniques of double-season peach

With the development of breeding technology, very early maturing peaches (such as April red peach, May crispy peach) and very late ripening peach (such as snow peach, holy peach, winter peach) appear one after another, which creates favorable conditions for prolonging the supply period of peach fruit market and improving the economic benefits of peach farmers. However, in the actual cultivation, early-maturing peach has early defoliation, many flower buds and large fruit yield, which is easy to cause premature senescence. Late-maturing and very late-ripening peaches consume less nutrients in the early growth stage, and the trees are rich in nutrients and overgrow, resulting in serious fruit drop, which brings difficulties to the cultivation and management of fruit growers. For example, in late-maturing and very late-maturing peach trees, very early-maturing peach varieties can be grafted into the inner chamber of late-maturing and very late-maturing peach trees, which can achieve the purpose of integrating early and late ripening, mutual filling and high efficiency.

According to the author's experiment, by using this technique, the peach tree can produce 4 kg of fruit in the second year (including 1 kg of early peach and 3 kg of late peach) and about 15 kg in the third year, and a high yield in the fourth year. The cultivation techniques are introduced as follows:

First, cultivate strong seedlings. Using hairy peach or mountain peach sown in the same year as rootstock and late-ripening varieties (such as snow peach, winter peach, holy peach, crispy peach, kilogram peach, golden peach) as scion, the "T" shape bud grafting method was used in hairy peach rootstock nursery at the beginning of June. After twice cutting the anvil, the buds germinated in the same year, and when the buds grew to 50 cm, they were coring or treated with paclobutrazol to form full buds in the plastic belt.

Second, rational planting. The planting ditch was excavated according to the specification of 2 m × 4 m or 3 m × 4 M. after applying sufficient base fertilizer, it was planted in early winter and early spring, and no or less fixed root fertilizer was applied to prevent seedling burning. With the frequent application of thin fertilizer and topdressing fertilizer, the late-ripening peach planted in that year can form a crown of more than 1 meter in May-June. At this time, in the inner chamber and the bifurcation between the two trees, "T" shaped buds are used to graft very precocious sweet peaches. Cut off the branches of the grafted buds (more than 5 cm from the grafted buds), and wipe off other sprouting buds and leaves on the branches.

Third, tree management after grafting. After grafting, a quick-acting nitrogen fertilizer was applied to the tree, and the heart was removed when the bud grew to 40 cm, or paclobutrazol was sprayed once in the whole garden. Clear ditches and drain stains, and do a good job of pulling branches, hanging trees, twisting branches and preventing leafhoppers and aphids.