Cultivation techniques of Peach Blossom
Peach blossom (Prunuspersica) is nicknamed Bitao and belongs to the genus Prunus of Rosaceae.
I. Overview:
Peach blossoms have been appreciated by people for a long time. The flowers are colorful and charming. In the Book of songs in the Spring and Autumn period, there is already a praising poem "the death of peaches burns its blossoms". It has been cultivated for more than 3000 years and is rich in germplasm resources. Spring is the season when peach blossoms are in full bloom, north and south of the river, like a sunrise. In the south, due to the homonym of "hearts" and "grand plans", people always insert a few peach blossoms or buy back a pot of birthday peaches during the Spring Festival, hoping for a grand plan, health and longevity in the coming year.
Second, ecological characteristics:
It is native to northwest China. Like a warm, humid and sunny environment. Cold-resistant, high-temperature and drought-resistant, not resistant to moisture and stagnant water. The suitable temperature for growth is 1525 ℃, and it can withstand low temperature of-15 ℃ in winter. The soil should be a fertile loam with good drainage.
3. Reproductive skills:
1. Grafting: generally, bud grafting is used from August to October, and branch grafting is used in spring and autumn. The seedlings of Mao peach were used as rootstocks, and the seeds were sown in spring after sand storage, and then used as rootstocks in autumn. Mountain peach can be used as rootstock in the north. Cutting is carried out when the buds sprout in spring, and the survival rate is high.
2. Sowing: spring or autumn sowing. The germination rate of seeds can be increased by freezing sand storage, promoting seed coat cracking, or soaking seeds with broken shell.
4. Main points of cultivation:
A sandy loam with deep, fertile and well-drained soil. Planting is carried out after defoliation in early spring or autumn and winter. Keep ventilated and transparent during the growing period. Pick the heart of the vigorous branches in summer and cut the long branches properly in winter to promote the formation of more flower branches. Ditch and fertilize around the tree trunk in winter.
5. Disease and pest control:
It is often harmful to leaf shrinkage and brown rot, and can be sprayed with 1000 times of methyl topiramate wettable powder. Pests are harmful to aphids, floating dust and red spiders, which can be sprayed with 0.5% avermectin EC 1500 times.
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Fresh-keeping and Storage methods of Pear
The main contents are as follows: (1) the method of building borders and stacking. This is a main method for the magistrate of Huang County to store pears in the producing area. Before pear harvest, choose fruit tree rows with good ventilation, cool and dry, and low water level. Build the border along the north-south direction, the width of the border is 15 ~ 2 meters, and the length of the border depends on the storage capacity. The border surface is about 10 cm above the ground, slightly higher in the center, slightly lower on both sides, and surrounded by a ridge about 15 cm high. The border is covered with a layer of fine sand 5 cm ~ 10 cm thick. On the four corners and two long edges of the border, a wooden column is nailed every 750 mm, with a height of 750.
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Peach variety: Jingyan
Beijing Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences was selected from the cross of Greening No. 5 × Okubo. The original code was Beijing 24, which was named in 1977. The fruit is nearly round, neat, flat at the top, sunken in the center; the average single fruit weighs 120 grams, the maximum fruit weight is 210 grams; the bottom color of the pericarp is yellow and white and slightly green, with a thin bright red or crimson dot halo, a small amount of intermittent stripes on the back, thick pericarp, easy to peel off after ripening, white flesh, reddish flesh near the skin, red around the core, dense flesh, and much softer after ripening.
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