Fresh-keeping and Storage methods of Pear

The main contents are as follows: (1) the method of building borders and stacking. This is a main method for the magistrate of Huang County to store pears in the producing area. Before pear harvest, choose fruit tree rows with good ventilation, cool and dry, and low water level. The border is built along the north-south direction, the width of the border is 1.5 ~ 2 meters, and the border length depends on the storage capacity. The border surface is about 10 cm above the ground, slightly higher in the center, slightly lower on both sides, and surrounded by a ridge about 15 cm high. The border is covered with a layer of fine sand 5 cm ~ 10 cm thick. On the four corners and two long edges of the border, a wooden column is nailed every 750 mm, half of which is inserted into the soil, and a curtain made of sorghum, corn straw or bauhinia is erected along the ridge on the inside of the wooden column. the curtain is closely attached to two layers of Kraft paper without holes, and the indirect head of the paper should press and lap each other. After the fruit was harvested, it was pre-stored in ventilated and cool trees, and Frosts Descent was stored in the bed. During storage, first spray water on the dry sand of the border, pick out the fruits of pressure, stab wounds, diseases and insect pests, and put the pear fruit layer by layer. When placed, it should be handled gently so as not to cause pear fruit to rot during storage. The top of the pear pile is placed in a small arc, surrounded by the same height as the border hole, and the vertical height of the top of the pile is about 70 cm ~ 80 cm. After the fruit is placed, it is sealed with 2-4 layers of Kraft paper, and then covered with a straw curtain.

(2) indoor storage method. The indoor storage method of Laiyang pear is a method commonly used by farmers in Laiyang. When Laiyang pear was stored by this method for 4 ~ 5 months, the peel was fresh green and the pulp had no discoloration. Spray multi-dose Bordeaux liquid before fruit harvest (1: 1, 3: 200). After harvest, the fruit without disease, insect and mechanical injury is selected and put into the fruit basket or box, which is lined with a polyethylene fresh-keeping bag with a thickness of 0.06mm ~ 0.07mm. Quicklime is added to the bag according to 5% of the fruit weight, and the lime is wrapped into several small packets with paper, which are placed in different places of the fruit basket and box. When the outside temperature drops in the middle and late October, the Laiyang pear precooled in the cool and ventilated place will be moved to the free house. After entering the room, if the room temperature is lower than outdoor during the day and higher at night, it is appropriate to hang curtains on doors and windows during the day and open all the curtains at night to make full use of external low temperature and room temperature convection to reduce room temperature. When the outside temperature is lower than 0 ℃, the window should be sealed, and when it is cold, hang cotton curtain on the door to keep the temperature. The suitable indoor temperature is 0 ℃. Attention should be paid to opening the mouth of the bag for ventilation during storage.

(3) Cold storage. Pears can be stored in cold storage. Attention should be paid to the occurrence of chilling injury during cold storage. Yali pear, Xuehua pear and Changba pear can not be refrigerated directly in 0 ℃ like apples after harvest. Otherwise, the pear has a serious black heart. Generally, when it is stored at more than 10 ℃, it decreases by 1 ℃ per week, to 7 ℃ ~ 8 ℃, and then to 1 ℃ every 3 days until it is reduced to about 0 ℃. This period of time takes about 30 ~ 50 days.

(4) controlled atmosphere storage. Controlled atmosphere storage can delay the browning of pear pulp and core, delay chlorosis, and maintain the brittleness and flavor of pear. In addition to the simple controlled atmosphere storage with large account and small plastic bag packaging, controlled atmosphere storage can also be used for storage by controlled atmosphere storage and air conditioning machine. The method of controlled atmosphere storage is similar to that of apples, except that the concentration of carbon dioxide must be strictly controlled. Keep the concentration of carbon dioxide to a minimum.