New jujube varieties-- Cangwu 1 and Cangwu 3

Based on the seed selection of jujube resources in Cangzhou City, Hebei Province, Cangwu No. 1 and Cangwu No. 3 were selected from seedless jujube varieties after 7 years of breeding, and were identified as excellent varieties by Hebei Forest Variety approval Committee in February 2001.

The fruit of Cangwu No. 1 is oblong, with a vertical diameter of 2.12Mel 3.26cm and a horizontal diameter of 1.53Mel 2.22cm. The average weight of a single fruit is 4.51g and the size of the fruit is uniform. Fresh dates are bright red and bright. The pericarp is thin, the pulp is yellow and white, the texture is dense, the taste is extremely sweet, and the fresh food quality is extremely high. The soluble solids content of fresh jujube is 36.3%, the edible rate is 100%, and the drying rate is 61.5%, which is suitable for fresh food and thousand. Cangwu No. 3 fruit is cylindrical, with a vertical diameter of 2.3Mel 2.7 cm and a horizontal diameter of 1.4Mel 1.7 cm. The average weight of a single fruit is 3.34g and the size of the fruit is uniform. The color is bright red and bright. The top of the fruit is concave and the stem depression is deep. Fresh jujube has a thin skin, milky white pulp, dense texture and extremely sweet taste. The soluble solids content of fresh jujube is 36.5%, the edible rate is 100%, the drying rate is 62.8%, and the fresh food quality is general. It is suitable for drying, and the quality of dried jujube is extremely high. The two varieties entered the fruiting period earlier, generally bearing fruit 3-5 years after planting, and had strong continuous high yield ability, and the fruit phenomenon of large and small years was very light. Cangwu 1 produces 35 kg fresh jujube in full fruit stage, and Cangwu 3 produces 45 kg fresh jujube in full fruiting stage.

Key points of cultivation techniques: ① planting density. Cangwu No. 1 and Cangwu No. 3 have smaller crowns and are suitable for close planting. Generally, the distance between rows is 5 meters × 2 meters, and 66111 plants are planted per mu. In jujube-grain intercropping, the distance between rows and plants is 10-15 m × 3 m. ② fertilizer and water management. Sprouting fertilizer (1.5 kg urea per plant), young fruit fertilizer (1 kg diammonium phosphate per plant) and base fertilizer (10 kg farm manure) were applied in the first and middle of April, respectively. They were irrigated once in the sprouting stage, early flowering stage, young fruit stage, rapid fruit expansion stage and before overwintering. ③ plastic surgery and pruning. The tree shape of dense planting cultivation can choose the natural round head shape, the fixed stem height is 70mi 80cm, 5mi has 7 main branches, and the tree height is controlled below 2.5m. By using the method of winter promoting summer control pruning, the interplant crossing of 15 mi 20 cm in dense planting garden was made, and the 1.5 m passage between rows was retained. In the cultivation of jujube-grain intercropping, the tree shape can be divided into 9 main branches of the whole tree, which are divided into 3 layers and grow on the central trunk, and the angle between the main branch and the central leading trunk is 50 °and 60 °. Protect flowers and fruits. The natural fruit setting rate of Cangwu No. 1 and Cangwu No. 3 is higher, especially in the young fruit stage, only nail-opening measures can be taken at the flowering stage, and it is not suitable to spray growth regulators to improve the fruit setting rate, otherwise the fruit setting rate will be too high and the jujube fruit will not develop well. However, Cangwu No. 1 and Cangwu No. 3 had fruit drop before harvest, and 15-20mg/ / kg naphthylacetic acid should be sprayed twice one month before harvest to prevent fruit drop.