Cultivation technique of Potato with double Film

Potato double film cultivation technology is a comprehensive cultivation technique with the combination of plastic film mulching and arch shed, which mainly solves the freezing injury of potato in early spring in northern China, promotes potato sowing and listing early, and increases farmers' income. Potato double film cultivation is generally listed 30 days earlier than plastic film potato, the yield per mu can reach 2500 kg, the income per mu is more than 2000 yuan, and the economic benefit is very significant. The main cultivation techniques are as follows:

First, choose a place to build a shed.

The long strip land with east-west length of 50-60 meters and north-south width of 6 meters should be selected for double-film cultivation, which requires deep soil layer and high-grade soil fertility; timely deep ploughing and soil preparation in autumn, timely winter irrigation, soil conservation and soil moisture conservation. The specifications for building the arch shed are as follows: 6 meters wide, 1.7 meters high, 1.4 meters high, and the length depends on the situation of the land. One column is set every 10 meters, and three No. 8 iron wires are pulled at the top of the column. The method of falling stone in the cellar is used to tighten the wire as the support of the arch shed. At the edge of the ridge, a bamboo pole with a diameter of about 2 cm is inserted every 80 cm 100 cm, which is placed on three supporting wires and tied firmly with plastic rope to make the shed surface as flat as possible.

Second, select improved varieties and seed potatoes to promote germination.

The main purpose of double-film cultivation of potato is to go on the market early, so early-maturing and high-yield varieties such as "Feiritar" and "Zaodabai" should be selected, and virus-free seed potato should be used as far as possible. The seed potato was germinated before sowing. About 20 days before sowing, the seed potato was removed from the storage cellar and placed under the condition of indoor scattered light, the indoor temperature was controlled at 15: 18 ℃, turned once every few days, and cut into pieces when the seeds were green and the buds germinated purplish green. Eliminate sick, rotten and bad potatoes in the process of sprouting.

Third, apply sufficient base fertilizer and formula fertilization

Double-film potato cultivation due to plastic film mulching, generally do not carry out soil cultivation and topdressing, so we must apply sufficient base fertilizer, scientific formula fertilization. Farm manure 3 square, diammonium phosphate 20 kg, urea 15 kg and potassium sulfate 10 kg per mu were applied once before sowing.

IV. Soil treatment, prevention and control of diseases and pests

With 50% phoxim EC 500 ml per mu, mixed with fine sand 5 kilograms, evenly sprinkled into the field, combined with fertilization into the soil to control underground pests. In order to control weeds in the plastic film, after sowing, the potato was covered with 48% trifluralin EC 100ml mixed with water 30kg, evenly sprayed with ridge surface, and then fully mixed with 3cm. It is strictly forbidden to increase the dosage at will so as not to cause drug damage.

5. timely early sowing and reasonable close planting

The key to potato double-film cultivation technology is to highlight the word "early", because the temperature in the arch shed rises rapidly and the soil thaws quickly, and the sowing time should be from February 25 to March 5, and the sunny day, no wind and soil thawing about 15 cm should be carried out in time. The cultivation of potato covered with plastic film in the arch shed adopts single ridge and double row planting, the ridge width is 60 cm, the groove width is 30 cm, the groove depth is 20 cm 25 cm, 6 ridges are planted in the arch shed, and the ridge direction is consistent with that of the shed. After sowing, cover a layer of plastic film on the ridge in time and press the four sides of the plastic film. Hold the shed on the same day of sowing to avoid freezing injury.

Strengthen field management and harvest at the right time

Seedlings can emerge about 25 days after sowing. Check at any time and release seedlings in time to avoid burning seedlings. When the temperature in the arch shed reaches 25 ℃, the arch shed should be opened in time for ventilation and cooling. In the middle of May, the shed was opened during the day and covered at night, and the arch shed was removed after 3 or 5 days of seedling training.

After sowing, water is watered once according to soil moisture to ensure that the seedlings are uniform and complete, and the seedlings are watered once in the seedling stage, bud stage, flowering stage and tuber expansion stage, and 4 times and 5 times in the growth period. It is strictly forbidden to flood the ridge. The combination of foliar topdressing and spraying dilatonin at flowering stage can prevent potato from losing fertilizer in the later stage of growth, promote the growth of tuber and improve the commodity rate.

Harvest in time in early June and go on the market as soon as possible.